Questions and Answers
What is the drug class of Phentermine?
What is the route of administration for Phentermine?
Oral
The recommended dosage for simple obesity is ____ mg daily before breakfast or 1 to 2 hours after breakfast.
37.5
What are some contraindications for Phentermine?
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Which of the following is a precaution when using Phentermine?
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Which of the following are common adverse effects of Phentermine?
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Phentermine can interact with other medications such as ____ and alcohol.
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Phentermine should be administered without regard to meals.
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What does the monitoring of Phentermine use involve?
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What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Phentermine?
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What is the renal excretion rate for Phentermine?
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What should patients avoid when taking Phentermine?
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Study Notes
Drug Class
- Phentermine is classified as an amphetamine and an anti-obesity agent.
Route of Administration
- Administered orally, either as tablets, capsules, or disintegrating tablets.
Dosing Information
- Recommended dosage varies:
- Tablets: 37.5 mg once daily before or 1-2 hours after breakfast; some may need only 18.75 mg daily or split doses.
- Capsules: 15-30 mg daily, taken 2 hours after breakfast.
- Disintegrating tablets: 15-30 mg dissolved on the tongue in the morning with or without food.
- Discontinue if tolerance develops; do not exceed recommended doses.
Administration Guidelines
- Tablets: Take before breakfast or 1-2 hours after.
- Capsules: Take 2 hours after breakfast.
- Disintegrating tablets: Must be placed on the tongue to dissolve and can be taken with or without water.
- Avoid administration in the late evening to prevent insomnia.
Contraindications
- Should not be taken by individuals with:
- Agitated states
- Cardiovascular diseases
- History of drug abuse
- Glaucoma
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics
- Pregnant or nursing women
Precautions
- Avoid combination with other weight loss drugs or SSRIs.
- Monitor diabetes patients as insulin requirements may decrease.
- Report any symptoms of primary pulmonary hypertension.
- Sensitivity to tartrazine (FD&C Yellow No. 5) may occur, particularly with aspirin sensitivity.
Adverse Effects
- Common side effects include:
- Xerostomia (dry mouth)
- Nervousness, insomnia, irritability
- Serious potential effects encompass:
- Cardiomyopathy, heart valve disorders
- Cerebral hemorrhage, ischemia
- Psychotic disorders, and primary pulmonary hypertension
Drug Interactions
- Significant interactions with:
- Isoproterenol, dopamine, ephedrine, epinephrine, norepinephrine
- Linezolid, phenylephrine, venlafaxine
- May interact with other stimulants and medications for obesity.
Monitoring Requirements
- Track weight reduction as an indicator of medication effectiveness.
- Assess renal function, especially in elderly patients or those with renal impairment.
Mechanism of Action
- Phentermine functions as a sympathomimetic amine, stimulating the central nervous system and potentially increasing blood pressure.
- Exact actions related to obesity treatment remain unclear.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption properties show a Tmax of 3 to 4.4 hours for orally disintegrating tablets.
- Food can slightly decrease Cmax and AUC.
- Renal excretion is significant, with 62 to 85% excreted unchanged.
Medication Counseling
- Advise against taking phentermine during or within 14 days post-MAO inhibitor use.
- Caution advised regarding activities requiring mental alertness.
- Common side effects include dry mouth, gastrointestinal issues, headache, insomnia, and possible changes in libido.
- Encourage reporting of any declining exercise tolerance or significant side effects.
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Description
This quiz covers the classification, administration, and dosing information for Phentermine, an anti-obesity medication. It outlines the recommended dosages for various forms and provides important guidelines for safe administration. Additionally, the quiz highlights contraindications for users.
