Phenotypes and Survival in Biology
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Questions and Answers

What can happen to a population if it can no longer adapt to environmental changes?

  • The population will evolve new adaptations rapidly.
  • The population will likely thrive in the current environment.
  • The population's growth rate can become negative. (correct)
  • The population will migrate to a more suitable environment.

    • According to the content, what is indicated by the fossil record?

  • Most species that have ever lived are currently thriving.
  • All current species have existed for millions of years.
  • The fossil record contains evidence of every species that has ever lived.
  • Many species that exist today are not found in the fossil record. (correct)

    • What is one potential outcome for species that cannot adapt to environmental changes?

  • They will eventually go extinct. (correct)
  • They will migrate to a new environment where conditions remain the same.
  • They may become dominant in new environments.
  • They may evolve faster than the speed of environmental change.

    • What role does migration play in the survival of a species facing environmental changes?

    <p>Migration may not always lead to successful competition with existing species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about mass extinctions is accurate?

    <p>The fossil record suggests that all species eventually go extinct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is fitness in the context of evolution?

    <p>The measure of an individual’s survival and reproductive success</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a phenotype affect an individual's survival?

    <p>By influencing the organism's interaction with its environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a phenotype that could enhance fitness?

    <p>A frog with longer legs than its peers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome can arise from the survival of more fit individuals over generations?

    <p>A change in the average phenotype of the species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the number of offspring produced over a lifetime indicate about an individual?

    <p>The individual's fitness level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Phenotypes and Fitness

    • Phenotypes, influenced by both genotype and environment, affect survival and reproduction.
    • Longer-legged frogs may catch food more efficiently and evade predators, enhancing survival and reproductive success.
    • Fitness is the measure of an organism's relative viability and fertility, with high fitness correlated to greater offspring production.

    Environmental Changes and Extinctions

    • Populations lose viability and risk extinction if they can’t adapt to environmental changes.
    • Extinction occurs when no members of a species survive; this is a common outcome in evolutionary history.
    • The current biodiversity crisis is attributed to human activities, potentially leading to a mass extinction comparable to previous events.

    Fossil Record and Evolution

    • The fossil record, which spans 3.5 billion years, provides insights into species evolution and extinction.
    • Major events like the rise of multicellular organisms and the extinction of dinosaurs are well-documented in the geologic time scale.
    • Recovery from historical mass extinctions took millions of years; current recovery could take a similarly long time due to environmental degradation.

    Community Ecology

    • Species interactions occur through competition, predation, and mutualism.
    • Interspecific competition arises when different species share limited resources; this can lead to competitive exclusion.
    • Salt marshes are productive ecosystems that serve as nurseries for fish and shellfish, vital for marine biodiversity.

    Water Cycle and Biogeochemical Cycles

    • The water cycle facilitates the movement of water and is crucial for biogeochemical cycling on Earth.
    • Water can return to the atmosphere through evaporation and transpiration or infiltrate the soil to recharge groundwater.
    • Human activities are disrupting natural cycles, potentially harming ecosystems and global stability.

    Importance of Wetlands

    • Freshwater wetlands include bogs, marshes, swamps, and peatlands, supporting diverse species and ecological functions.
    • Approximately 91% of all wetlands in the continental U.S. are freshwater, contrasting with open water bodies.
    • Wetlands play essential roles as habitats, nutrient storage, and water filtration systems in ecosystems.

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    Related Documents

    Biodiversity: From Local to Global PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the relationship between phenotypes and their impact on survival in various species. You will discover how certain traits can enhance or hinder an individual's chances of survival within their environment, illustrated through examples such as frogs with different leg lengths. Test your understanding of these biological concepts and their applications.

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