PHCM2100 Week 2 Lecture Part 1

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Questions and Answers

What is the requirement for attendance in the course?

80% attendance is required (correct)

85% attendance is required

70% attendance is required

75% attendance is required

Which of the following assessment tasks occurs in Week 4?

Research paper topic proposal submission

Individual research paper review

In-tutorial quiz covering weeks 1-3 material (correct)

Group presentation of research paper

Who should be contacted for discussing issues regarding the course?

Course convenor (correct)

Course administrator

Workshop leader

Peer mentor

What is a recommended strategy for engaging with research papers?

Repeat readings with varied focuses each time (C) Signup and view all the answers

When is the deadline for the individual research paper review?

Week 7 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What reasoning approach does Detective Sherlock Holmes primarily use when solving crimes?

Inductive reasoning (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common shortcoming of Inspector Lindley's use of deductive reasoning?

He misses important information. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the process of deductive reasoning?

Starting with a specific theory and proving it true through evidence. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which step is NOT part of the literature search process?

Developing the results in the introduction (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical aspect of writing the literature review body?

It must be organized around topics with appropriate headings. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best reflects the purpose of schema theory developed by Schmidt?

It revises initial theories based on systematic testing. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What function do Boolean operators serve in a literature search?

To help in narrowing or expanding search results. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How should the summary and conclusions of a literature review be structured?

They must focus on implications and future recommendations. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a well-structured title for a research study?

It must succinctly state the study’s content. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of the background and justification section in research?

To persuade the reader of the study's significance. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How should a researcher approach writing an introduction?

By knowing the audience and writing clearly. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a specific requirement of the research purpose statement?

It should describe the problem in a single sentence. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT necessary when crafting a persuasive background for research?

Providing extensive statistical data. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of presenting a poorly constructed title?

It may lead to misunderstandings about the research content. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is emphasized in the recommended approach for writing the background?

Creating a narrative that engages the reader. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is often the first step in constructing the introduction of a research article?

Reviewing relevant literature. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which step involves defining and delimiting the research problem?

Step 1: developing the problem (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of research is characterized by establishing cause and effect relationships?

Experimental research (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in the scientific method?

Gathering historical data (C) Signup and view all the answers

In normal science, what primarily guides research and discoveries?

Previously established theories (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of research involves the use of interviews and questionnaires?

Descriptive research (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of paradigm shifts in research?

Introduction of new theories and methods (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following research types is primarily concerned with public health issues?

Epidemiologic research (B) Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes a challenge to normal science?

Development of inconsistent findings (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of research that involves making decisions based on data?

Empirical evidence (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which level of research is primarily focused on providing immediate solutions in a real-world setting?

Level III—applied research (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of the systematic nature of research?

Collecting anecdotal evidence (D) Signup and view all the answers

Ecological validity refers to which aspect of the research process?

The perception of research by participants (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in beginning the research process according to the outlined approach?

Reviewing existing literature (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which research characteristic emphasizes the need for actions to be recorded for evaluation?

Replicable (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the characteristics of research, what does the term 'reductive' refer to?

Establishing general relationships from data (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should a practitioner focus on according to best reading practices for research?

Reading the abstract first (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Course Overview

Course Title: Appraising and Applying Evidence for Allied Health Practice (PHCM2100)
Course Convenor: Dr. Martin R Lindley
Email: [email protected]
Mandatory attendance: 80% required to complete the course

Weekly Structure

Online lectures split into two 20-minute video/audio presentations.
Weekly reading tasks assigned for tutorial discussions.

Research Article Structure

Importance of choosing an engaging title that is succinct, informative, and easily indexed.
Introduction should:
- Provide background and justification for the study.
- Clearly state the research purpose and hypothesis.
- Operationally define terms and basic assumptions.

Writing an Introduction

Read and understand relevant literature before crafting the introduction.
Omit technical jargon to ensure clarity.
Develop a compelling narrative that leads readers to the research purpose.

Research Purpose

Purpose statement should concisely describe the problem being addressed.
Example focus area: Effects of maintaining motor skills on physical fitness across the lifespan.

Reasoning in Research

Inductive reasoning involves forming hypotheses based on observations, as demonstrated by Sherlock Holmes.
Deductive reasoning begins with a theory to prove or test, exemplified by Detective Inspector Lindley.

Literature Review Process

Steps to conduct a literature search include:
- Writing a problem statement to guide research direction.
- Utilizing secondary sources like textbooks and review articles.
- Performing computer-aided searches using multiple databases.

Writing the Literature Review

Structure includes:
- Introduction outlining purpose and organization.
- Body organized by topics, identifying critical studies.
- Summary and conclusions with implications and future recommendations.

Research Characteristics

Systematic: Methodical planning and evaluation of data relationships.
Empirical: Decisions driven by data collected.
Replicable: Detailed records of actions taken during research.

Types of Research

Basic Research: Theory-driven, laboratory-based investigation.
Applied Research: Aims at immediate solutions in real-world settings.
Experimental Research: Establishes cause-and-effect relationships.
Qualitative Research: Focuses on interpretivist methodologies.

The Scientific Method

Key steps in research include:
- Defining and delimiting the problem.
- Formulating hypotheses to explore.
- Collecting and analyzing relevant data.

Engagement Strategies

Encourage critical reading of research articles—focus on abstracts and main findings.
Approach papers with a mindset of evaluation and critique to strengthen understanding.

Course Assessment

Week 4: In-tutorial quiz covering weeks 1-3.
Week 7: Submission of individual research paper review.
Week 10: In-tutorial quiz covering weeks 4-9.
Week 11: Group presentation of a research paper.

Contact for Issues

Students are encouraged to contact the course convenor for any course-related concerns, clearly stating PHCM2100 in the subject line.

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Description

This quiz covers the key elements discussed in Week 2 of PHCM2100, focusing on how to present a research problem. Topics include choosing a title, writing the introduction, stating the research purpose, and defining terms, along with assumptions and limitations of a study.