HỘI NHẬP KINH TẾ QUỐC TẾ CỦA VIỆT NAM

• Human resource development is crucial for national progress, as people are the key factor.

Upgrading Education and Training

• Focus on quality over quantity in education and training, emphasizing the development of learners' qualities and skills.
• Re-plan the network of vocational and higher education institutions in line with socio-economic and human resource development plans.
• Prioritize investment in education and training as the foundation for developing human resources.

Promoting Research and Innovation

• Overhaul the operational methods of scientific research and training institutions.
• Improve research facilities and equipment.
• Foster collaboration between research institutions, training centers, and businesses through mutually beneficial mechanisms.
• Accelerate the application of scientific advancements in production and business.
• Value and attract talented individuals by implementing appropriate incentive policies.
• Recognize talent as a vital national asset for development in the era of science and technology.

International Economic Integration

• International economic integration involves a country connecting its economy to the global economy.
• This connection is based on sharing benefits and complying with common international standards.

Objective Necessity of International Economic Integration

• Driven by the objective trend of economic globalization.
• Globalization creates increasing interdependence among nations on a global scale.
• Globalization occurs across economic, political, cultural, and social dimensions, with economic globalization being the most prominent.
• Economic globalization rapidly increases economic activities across national and regional borders, creating interdependence.
• Mutual dependence between economies is an element of global development.

Integration Imperative

• Economic globalization makes international economic integration essential.
• Economic globalization draws all countries into the international division of labor.
• Production and trade links become increasingly international, making each country's economy an integral part of the global economy.
• Production factors circulate globally within economic globalization.

Benefits of Integration

• Countries unable to integrate cannot secure necessary production conditions.
• Integration offers opportunities to address global issues and leverage industrial revolution achievements.
• Integration can drive national development.
• Globalization has reduced isolation for developing countries and increased access to knowledge.
• Globalization can bring numerous benefits and has been advantageous for East Asian countries.
• In many other regions, globalization has not delivered equivalent benefits.

Integration as a Development Method

• International economic integration is a common path for countries, especially developing ones.
• It allows access to external resources such as finance, technology, and expertise.
• Developed capitalist nations and multinational corporations control significant resources.
• Economic openness and international integration enable developing countries to access these resources for development.
• Integration can help developing countries shorten development gaps and reduce the risk of falling behind.

Benefits of Integration

• International economic integration opens markets, attracts investment, and promotes industrialization.
• It creates new employment opportunities and raises living standards.
• Capitalist nations aim to transform globalization into economic liberalization and impose political agendas.
• This poses risks for developing countries, including increased dependence on foreign debt and unequal trade relations.
• Developing countries require appropriate strategies to adapt to multifaceted globalization.

Requirements for Successful Integration

• Nations should carefully consider the timing and methods of integration.
• Integration requires preparation within the domestic economy and international relations.
• Readiness in mindset, societal participation, effective institutions, human resources, and a capable economy leads to successful integration.

Diverse Forms and Levels of Integration

• International economic integration occurs at various levels.
• Integration depth depends on a country's involvement in foreign economic relations and international organizations.
• Integration progresses from low to high levels: Preferential Trade Agreements (PTA), Free Trade Areas (FTA), Customs Unions (CU).

Impact on Vietnam's Development

• International economic integration increases the links between Vietnam's economy and the world economy.
• Integration generates positive impacts on Vietnam's development and poses challenges that must be overcome.

Positive Impacts of International Economic Integration

• Expands markets, facilitates technology transfer, capital inflow, and economic restructuring.
• Promotes trade, domestic production, and leverages the country's economic strengths.
• Supports rapid, sustainable economic growth and industrialization.

Benefits for Businesses

• Drives economic restructuring towards modernization and efficiency.
• Creates key economic sectors to enhance competitiveness and improve the investment climate.
• Increases opportunities for domestic firms to access international markets, credit, and partners.
• Facilitates technology upgrades and enhances competitiveness.
• Improves domestic consumption with diverse, high-quality products at competitive prices.

Benefits for Consumers

• Access to global products.
• Increased opportunities internationally and domestically.
• Aids in policy-making, allowing better understanding of global trends and strategy development.

Human Resource Development

• Improves the quality of human resources and national scientific capabilities.
• Enhances education, training, and scientific research.
• Raises the capacity to absorb modern technology via foreign investment and technology transfer.

Cultural and Political Integration

• Promotes cultural and political integration and strengthens national defense.
• Facilitates cultural exchange and enhances national identity.
• Broadens conditions for comprehensive reform, building a socialist state of law, and promoting democracy and civilization.
• Enhances a country's role in international affairs and organizations.
• Supports national security and regional stability, enabling focus on socio-economic development.
• Facilitates cooperation on common issues like the environment, climate change, and crime.

Negative Impacts of International Economic Integration

• Intensifies competition, creating challenges for domestic businesses.
• Increases economic dependence, making the economy vulnerable to external shocks.
• May lead to unequal distribution of benefits, increasing socio-economic disparities.

Environment Effects

• Poses risks of adverse economic restructuring, resource depletion, and environmental degradation.
• Can challenge state power, sovereignty, and socio-economic order.
• May erode national identity and cultural traditions due to foreign cultural influence.

Issues from Integration

• Can increase risks of terrorism, smuggling, transnational crime, and illegal immigration.
• International integration entails both significant benefits and risks that require careful consideration.

Improving International Economic Integration Efficiency

• Essential for Vietnam's socio-economic progress.
• Requires conscious strategies and goals.

Understanding the Opportunities and Challenges

• Recognizing the importance and impact on core integration issues.
• Understanding historical and social dynamics.
• Acknowledging the need for appropriate policies and adaptation.

Recognizing Integration Realities

• Acknowledging the positive and negative aspects of integration and that it is multi-faceted.
• Identifying the advantages, and negative impacts.

Recognizing Integration Stakeholders

• Understanding the state plays a crucial role, but isn't the only participant.
• Promoting comprehensive societal integration where enterprises and entrepreneurs are the driving force.
• Prioritizing individuals as the central focus.

Current Issues and Solutions

• Policy integration is necessary.
• Most vietnamese are unaware of integration.
• Businesses are unable to adhere to international regulations.
• Addressing these will improve economic competitiveness.

Strategic Development

• Need to research international trends in economics, globalization, and industrialization.
• Assess domestic conditions for integration.
• Understand the role of International Economic organizations and Multinational companies.
• Need to improve domestic framework for foreign investment and trade.
• Vietnamese enterprises need to be quick and efficient.

Further Strategies

• Need to utilize government incentive programs.
• Need a comprehensive plan for economic integration that can adapt as necessary.
• Strategies must be realistic and pragmatic.

Current Engagements

• Vietnam has established diplomacy with over 170 countries.
• There is expanded trade with 230 regions.