Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the charge of an electron?
What is the charge of an electron?
- Positive charge
- Neutral charge
- No charge
- Negatively charged (correct)
Which formula correctly calculates the number of neutrons in an atom?
Which formula correctly calculates the number of neutrons in an atom?
- Atomic mass + Number of protons
- Number of protons + Neutrons
- Atomic mass - Number of protons (correct)
- Number of protons - Atomic mass
In a chemical equation, what do the reactants represent?
In a chemical equation, what do the reactants represent?
- Elements or compounds that exist prior to a reaction (correct)
- New substances after the reaction
- Atoms that must be created
- The coefficients of the products
Which statement is true about balancing chemical equations?
Which statement is true about balancing chemical equations?
What does the coefficient in a chemical equation signify?
What does the coefficient in a chemical equation signify?
How does an increase in temperature typically affect the speed of molecules?
How does an increase in temperature typically affect the speed of molecules?
What effect does a weak molecular attraction between molecules have on phase change?
What effect does a weak molecular attraction between molecules have on phase change?
What do we call molecules that 'move around each other'?
What do we call molecules that 'move around each other'?
During a chemical reaction, what happens to the reactants?
During a chemical reaction, what happens to the reactants?
What defines an atom's identity?
What defines an atom's identity?
What is true about atoms during a chemical reaction?
What is true about atoms during a chemical reaction?
What role do neutrons play in the structure of an atom?
What role do neutrons play in the structure of an atom?
Which statement about molecules in a solid state is correct?
Which statement about molecules in a solid state is correct?
What describes the movement of molecules in a solid?
What describes the movement of molecules in a solid?
How does temperature relate to the kinetic energy of molecules?
How does temperature relate to the kinetic energy of molecules?
What is required for a phase change to occur in a substance?
What is required for a phase change to occur in a substance?
Which statement regarding molecular attraction is accurate?
Which statement regarding molecular attraction is accurate?
What happens when energy is transferred to a substance?
What happens when energy is transferred to a substance?
Which phase of matter has molecules that can slide past one another?
Which phase of matter has molecules that can slide past one another?
When does a liquid turn into a gas?
When does a liquid turn into a gas?
What effect does decreasing the temperature have on a gas?
What effect does decreasing the temperature have on a gas?
Flashcards
Phase
Phase
A substance's physical state, determined by how its molecules move.
Molecule
Molecule
The smallest unit of a substance that retains its chemical properties.
Freedom of Movement
Freedom of Movement
The ability of molecules to move and change position.
Kinetic Energy
Kinetic Energy
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Phase Change
Phase Change
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Temperature
Temperature
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Molecular Attraction
Molecular Attraction
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Solid
Solid
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States of matter
States of matter
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Balance between attraction and kinetic energy
Balance between attraction and kinetic energy
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Electron
Electron
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Periodic Table
Periodic Table
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Chemical Equation
Chemical Equation
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Subscript in a chemical formula
Subscript in a chemical formula
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Coefficient in a chemical equation
Coefficient in a chemical equation
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Study Notes
Phase Changes
- Phases of matter include solid, liquid, and gas
- Molecules in a solid are in fixed positions, only vibrating
- Molecules in a liquid can move around each other
- Molecules in a gas can move freely and are far apart
- A phase change occurs when molecules change their freedom of movement due to energy transfer
- Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules
- Increasing energy increases the kinetic energy
- Increasing kinetic energy can overcome attractive forces between molecules, leading to a phase change
- Decreasing kinetic energy can allow attractive forces to pull molecules together, leading to a phase change
Example Question
- A sealed jar of water was solid outside. After twelve hours, the jar of water was liquid. This is a phase change.
- Molecules in the solid were in place and vibrating.
- Molecules in the liquid were moving around each other
- When the molecules received more energy, they were able to move around each other (from solid to liquid).
- Increasing energy speeds up the motion of molecules
- Adding energy to a substance changes its phase
- Subtracting energy from a substance changes its phase
Chemical Reactions
- Atoms and molecules rearrange to form new substances
- Atoms remain the same elements, no atoms are destroyed or created during rearrangements
- In chemical reaction, reactants turn into products via the rearrangement of atoms
- Reactants exist before the reaction and are written on the left side of the arrow
- Products are formed after the reaction and are on the right side of the arrow
- The arrow signifies that a reaction has occurred
- Different substances have unique properties that result from the way atoms are arranged
Atoms
- Atoms are basic building blocks of matter
- Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons
- Protons have a positive charge
- Neutrons have no charge
- Electrons have a negative charge
- Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus of the atom
- Electrons orbit the nucleus in electron shells
- The number of protons defines the element
- Atoms are not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction
- The number of protons define an element
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of phase changes in matter through this quiz. Understand how energy transfer affects the state of molecules in solids, liquids, and gases. Test your knowledge on how temperature and kinetic energy influence these transitions.
