30 Questions
What determines the state of a substance?
Temperature and attractive forces
Why does water evaporate even if the temperature is below its boiling point?
Vapor pressure changes with temperature
What happens to the boiling point of a liquid at higher altitudes?
It decreases
How do stronger attractive forces affect the phase change of molecules?
They lower vapor pressure and raise boiling points
Which factor has a direct impact on the pressure of a gas above a liquid?
Temperature
What property controls the phase change of a substance when the vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure?
Vapor Pressure
Why does a pure compound with stronger attractive forces have a higher boiling point?
It requires more energy to separate the molecules due to stronger attractive forces.
Why does octane have a higher boiling point than pentane?
Octane has stronger London Forces than pentane.
How does surface area affect boiling and melting points?
More surface area increases the energy needed to separate molecules, resulting in higher melting and boiling points.
What plays a significant role in determining relative boiling points of compounds?
Surface area and molecular weight
Which attractive force is dominant in alkanes like pentane and octane?
London Forces
What type of compound is likely to have a higher boiling point based on its ability to form hydrogen bonds?
Polar compound
What type of compounds have both a polar part and a non-polar part?
Amphipathic compounds
What is the term used to describe the structure formed by amphipathic compounds in water?
Micelle
Which type of molecules make up the cell membrane?
Phospholipids
What surrounds human cells, providing structure and regulating what enters and exits?
Cell membrane
What interactions cause the formation of a micelle?
Tail-tail interactions
Which type of compounds have long non-polar tails making them insoluble in water?
Amphipathic compounds
Which intermolecular force contributes the most to boiling point in non-polar compounds?
London Forces
If two compounds have the same molecular weight, which factor determines the boiling point?
Surface area
What type of compounds are considered hydrophobic?
Non-polar compounds
In terms of solubility, what is the general rule regarding 'like dissolves like'?
Compounds with similar attractive forces dissolve in each other
Which type of intermolecular force is responsible for the solubility of polar compounds in water?
Hydrogen Bonding
What determines the dominance of hydrophobic or hydrophilic character in a molecule?
Presence of a hydrophobic part
What type of attractive force is the most important in non-polar molecules?
London Forces
Which type of molecule will have stronger London Forces when compared to a smaller molecule with similar attractive forces?
A larger molecule with more electrons
What kind of attractive force occurs between molecules that have a permanent dipole?
Dipole-dipole interactions
In hydrogen bonding, which element is usually the hydrogen bond donor?
Hydrogen (H)
Which type of intermolecular force is an exceptionally strong form of dipole-dipole interaction?
Hydrogen bonding
What feature makes a molecule exhibit hydrogen bonding in addition to dipole-dipole interactions and London forces?
High electronegativity of oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine
Explore the factors that control the state of a substance, including temperature and attractive forces between particles. Learn about the properties of compounds in relation to phase changes, bond polarities, and molecular shapes.
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