40 Questions
What is the main educational requirement for pharmacists prior to 1932?
High school graduation
When did the Doctor of Pharmacy become the only professional degree?
In 2004
Who are the two individuals at the heart of the educational reform in pharmaceutical care?
Dr. Charles D. Hepler & Dr. Linda Strand
What act was created in 1906 as a response to concerns about medication safety?
Pure Food and Drug Act
What was required by the Pure Food and Drug Act in relation to medications?
Drug must not be misbranded
What did the educational requirements for pharmacists change to in the 1960s?
Five years of study for Bachelors degree
What is pharmaceutical care defined as?
The relationship between a patient and a pharmacist
Which profession requires more clinical training according to the text?
Pharmacists
What key regulation around the practice of pharmacy became established with many important regulations as amendments to it?
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Which act established Prescription ('Legend') drugs and Over-the-Counter Drugs?
Durham-Humphrey Amendment
What act encouraged the manufacture of generic drugs by the pharmaceutical industry and established the modern system of government generic drug policy?
Hatch-Waxman Act
Which act provided a government subsidy to stimulate hospital growth and assisted in constructing nearly 40% of the beds in the nation’s short-stay general hospitals?
Hill-Burton Act
Which act passed in response to the Thalidomide disaster required drugs to be both safe and effective?
Kefauver-Harris Amendment
What was regulated and taxed by the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act?
Production of opiates and coca products
What did the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act put in place to ensure about drug products in interstate commerce?
They were safe for patients
What major factor increased the U.S. hospital beds significantly through government subsidy?
The Hill-Burton Act
What is one of the services that pharmacists could provide under the proposed programs?
Medication therapy reviews for all patients
How could payments for pharmacist-provided patient care services be structured?
Based on pay-for-performance programs and specific measures
What do the Pharmacy Principles for Health Care Reform aim to do in relation to patient access to medications?
Ensure access to well-trained pharmacists
How do the Pharmacy Principles suggest allowing patients to choose their provider?
Allowing choice within their prescription plan coverage
In which year were the Pharmacy Principles for Health Care Reform adopted?
2008
What is one of the proposed methods to assure patient access to needed medications?
Establishing a comprehensive federal health professions workforce strategy
What type of professionals are suggested to meet the specific health care needs of patients?
Well-educated and trained pharmacists
What is one of the proposed ways to structure payments for pharmacist-provided services?
Connecting payments to specific evidence-based measures
What type of insurance program was established in 1965 by the Social Security Amendments?
Medicare
Which part of Medicare covers inpatient, skilled nursing, home health, and hospice care?
Part A
In what year was the Medicare Modernization Act established?
2003
What type of insurance program involves a combination of federal and state-level funding and is administered by the state for financially challenged families?
Medicaid
Which entity provided tax breaks to employers offering health insurance during and after World War II?
Government
What did the emergence of prepaid health services lead to in 1929 at Baylor Univ.?
"Blue Cross" to cover hospital costs
'Alternative to Parts A, B, and sometimes D' refers to what within Medicare?
Part C
Which part of Medicare covers outpatient services, including durable medical equipment?
"Part B"
What theory advocated for isolation and quarantine of the sick in the 1800s?
Contagion Theory
Who championed the Germ Theory of Disease in the 1860s?
Pasteur and Lister
In the context of pharmacy, what became a 'retailer' of prepared medications?
Pharmacist
What did aseptic technique in hospitals lead to?
Decreased disease spread
During the Health Care System Wars, what was the benefit of prompt medical attention in a military field hospital?
Saving lives
What did Practitioners advocate for after wartime experiences, especially during the Civil War and World Wars I and II?
More hospitals
'Counter prescribing' by pharmacists involved prescribing what substances in prepared medications?
Cocaine and opium
'Home remedies' were primarily used by which group for healthcare during historical periods?
Working class citizens
Test your knowledge on the history of pharmacy regulations, including the establishment of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and key early regulations such as the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act and the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
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