Professionalism and Healthcare Professionals

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What did Flexner state about pharmacy in his report commissioned by the American Medical Association?

Pharmacy was not a profession according to Flexner. (correct)

Pharmacy was considered a profession with high standards.

Pharmacy was the most respected healthcare profession in the early 1900s.

Flexner recommended military commissioning of pharmacists.

What event led to pharmacists actively working towards upgrading professional education in the early 1900s?

Flexner's report causing the U.S. War Department to refuse commissioning pharmacists. (correct)

The establishment of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965.

Congress passing a law to recognize pharmacists as doctors.

World War II breaking out.

When did the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) adopt the 4-year B.S. in Pharmacy as the minimum requirement?

1932

1915

1928 (correct)

1940

Which legislation provided grants for building and renovating hospitals in 1946?

Hill-Burton Act (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the establishment of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965 on the pharmacy profession?

Decreased scope of practice and diminished status for pharmacists. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What did the U.S. War Department do regarding pharmacists as officers in the military in 1915?

They refused to commission pharmacists as officers. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the tenets of professionalism emphasized for pharmacy students?

Honesty and Integrity (C) Signup and view all the answers

During the pre-1940 period, how did individuals typically become pharmacists?

Through an apprenticeship model under a practicing pharmacist (B) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguished pharmacists in the pre-1940 period regarding patient care?

They could prescribe medications without a physician's involvement (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main prompt for the professionalism movement in America in the early 1900s?

Abraham Flexner's study of medical education (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a behavior associated with professionalism in pharmacy students?

Exhibiting dishonesty and unreliability (B) Signup and view all the answers

What characterized pharmacy practice before the early 1900s regarding drug dispensing?

"Counter prescribing" was a common practice among pharmacists (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the outcomes of the Humphrey-Durham amendment to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938?

It created a 'prescription only' class of drugs. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What change did the ethics statement of the American Pharmaceutical Association bring about for pharmacists?

Prohibited pharmacists from discussing medications or therapeutic effects with patients. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the diminished role of compounding have on pharmacists during 1940-1970?

Their technical expertise played a lesser role. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How did the Humphrey-Durham amendment impact pharmacists' prescribing practices?

Pharmacists could no longer dispense without a prescription. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of pharmacy schools to the diminished role of pharmacists from 1940-1970?

They increased the educational requirements for pharmacists. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the ethical obligation imposed on pharmacists regarding discussing medications with patients during 1940-1970?

'You'll have to ask your physician.' (B) Signup and view all the answers