Pharmacy 303: Pharmacokinetics Overview

Questions and Answers

If given to humans, which drug is expected to be the most potent?

Drug 1 (correct)

Drug 3

Drug 2

What is the primary focus of pharmacodynamics?

The study of the physiological effects of drugs at different concentrations.

What does pharmacokinetics study?

The movement of drug in the body.

Emax refers to the maximum effect a drug can achieve.

True Signup and view all the answers

Pharmacology is the study of ______.

drugs Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Pharmacodynamics = What the drug does to the body Pharmacokinetics = What the body does to the drug Emax = Maximum effect of a drug IC50 = Concentration of drug needed to inhibit a biological process by 50% Signup and view all the answers

In the context of enzyme inhibition, what is the relationship between IC50 and potency?

Lower IC50 indicates higher potency. Signup and view all the answers

Which drug administered via intravenous (iv) route showed the highest relative measure of effect?

Drug 3 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Drug Development and Testing

Medicinal chemists synthesize new drugs for potential therapeutic applications.
New drugs developed target HDL cholesterol through enzyme inhibition.

In Vitro Testing Results

Drugs tested for enzyme inhibition measured using two indices:
- IC50 (nM): Drug 1 (0.01), Drug 2 (0.05), Drug 3 (1)
- Emax (%): All drugs achieve 100% efficacy.
Drug 1 is expected to be the most potent in humans based on in vitro IC50 values.

Efficacy vs. Potency

Efficacy refers to the maximum effect a drug can produce (Emax).
Potency is described by the IC50 value; lower IC50 indicates higher potency.
After administration, differences in drug effectiveness projected (iv vs oral) suggest variance in relative effect measurements.

Pharmacology Definitions

Pharmacology: Study of drugs (derived from "pharmac-" meaning drugs, and "-ology" meaning study).
Pharmacodynamics: Examines physiological drug effects at various concentrations.
Pharmacokinetics: Investigates drug movement and disposition within the body.

Interaction of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacodynamics describes the impact of the drug on the body (e.g., drug-receptor interactions leading to physiological changes).
Pharmacokinetics reveals how the body affects a drug throughout its lifecycle—administration to clearance.

Time-Concentration Relationship

Pharmacokinetics depicted through concentration vs. effect relationships.
Example of drug mexiletine shows serum concentration correlations over time.
An increase in drug concentration typically improves physiological effect until a saturation point is reached.

Amiodarone Case Study

Amiodarone illustrates the pharmacodynamic response relative to its interaction at drug action sites.
Integrating pharmacokinetics and dynamics is essential for understanding the overall drug response in clinical settings.

Description

This quiz explores the essentials of pharmacokinetics as discussed in Pharmacy 303. It covers the process of drug development, including enzyme inhibition and in vitro test results for new HDL cholesterol-increasing drugs. Prepare to test your understanding of key concepts and experimental data.