Pharmacology of the CNS II: Depression, Bipolar, and Psychosis
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of dopamine in the basal ganglia?

  • Regulation of autonomic functions
  • Regulation of emotion and mood
  • Regulation of motor control (correct)
  • Regulation of heart rate

    • What is the effect of norepinephrine on other neurotransmitters?

  • It has no effect on other neurotransmitters
  • It excites the release of other neurotransmitters
  • It inhibits the release of other neurotransmitters
  • It causes an excitatory response due to inhibition of other neurotransmitters (correct)

    • What is the primary function of acetylcholine in the CNS?

  • Regulation of heart rate and autonomic functions
  • Regulation of muscle membrane effects
  • Regulation of mood and emotion
  • Control of movement and selection of objects for attention (correct)

    • What is the location of norepinephrine in the CNS?

    <p>Pons and reticular formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of acetylcholine on postsynaptic membranes throughout the CNS?

    <p>Excitatory action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft?

    <p>They are locally degraded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of traditional antipsychotics?

    <p>Extrapyramidal motor concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of atypical antipsychotics?

    <p>Safer and more predictable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a concern for patients taking antipsychotics for more than 6 months?

    <p>Extrapyramidal motor concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of dementia?

    <p>Plaque formation and accumulation of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a rehabilitative consideration for patients with dementia or Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Low-stim structure and familiarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is often the first to notice posture and motor changes in patients taking antipsychotics?

    <p>Physical therapist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common neuro impairment associated with movement dysfunction?

    <p>Involuntary movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common neuro impairment?

    <p>Impaired hearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease that affects movement and is characterized by degeneration of the dopamine-producing neurons in the brain?

    <p>Parkinson's Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with a sudden, severe head injury?

    <p>TBI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the condition that affects the nerve roots and peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness and other symptoms?

    <p>Guillain-Barré Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible link to the development of ADHD in the brain?

    <p>Dopaminergic imbalances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common side effects of stimulant medications used to treat ADHD?

    <p>Restless, difficulty sleeping, decreased appetite, and headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a non-stimulant medication used to treat ADHD?

    <p>Bupropion (Wellbutrin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which increasing interest and enjoyment may improve learning and memory in individuals with ADHD?

    <p>By increasing dopamine release, leading to increased motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of stimulant medication use in ADHD treatment?

    <p>Tics and psychiatric issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of dopamine in attention, learning, and memory?

    <p>Dopamine is involved in attention, learning, and memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common indication for antidepressant drugs besides depression?

    <p>Insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of action of Lithium in treating Bipolar Disorder?

    <p>Competing with other elements for neural excitability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the group of mental disorders characterized by marked thought disturbance and an impaired perception of reality?

    <p>Psychosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the sensation of motor restlessness and inability to sit or lie still?

    <p>Akathisia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of dopamine in the brain?

    <p>Coordination of voluntary movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the irreversible, involuntary, and fragmented movements of the oral and facial muscles?

    <p>Tardive Dyskinesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of antipsychotic medications?

    <p>Blocking dopamine receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the decreased motivation and disinterest in activities and learning associated with low dopamine levels?

    <p>Anhedonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of antidepressant medications in chronic pain management?

    <p>To provide analgesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the symptoms similar to Parkinson Disease, including shuffled gait, mask facies, and resting tremor, caused by antipsychotic medications?

    <p>Pseudoparkinsonism</p> Signup and view all the answers

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