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Questions and Answers
What is a potential consequence of stopping the medication abruptly?
What is a potential consequence of stopping the medication abruptly?
Which dietary change is recommended when taking Baclofen?
Which dietary change is recommended when taking Baclofen?
Which of the following is an indicator of medication effectiveness?
Which of the following is an indicator of medication effectiveness?
What should be monitored to assess the effectiveness of the medication?
What should be monitored to assess the effectiveness of the medication?
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What type of substances should be avoided while using Baclofen?
What type of substances should be avoided while using Baclofen?
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What is the primary reason to monitor potassium levels in clients receiving neuromuscular blockers?
What is the primary reason to monitor potassium levels in clients receiving neuromuscular blockers?
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Why should succinylcholine be avoided in clients with severe burns?
Why should succinylcholine be avoided in clients with severe burns?
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Which medication is a centrally acting muscle relaxant?
Which medication is a centrally acting muscle relaxant?
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What is the expected pharmacological action of diazepam?
What is the expected pharmacological action of diazepam?
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What is the primary purpose of muscarinic agonists?
What is the primary purpose of muscarinic agonists?
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Which condition requires cautious use of muscle relaxants like succinylcholine?
Which condition requires cautious use of muscle relaxants like succinylcholine?
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Which of the following is a therapeutic use of muscarinic agonists?
Which of the following is a therapeutic use of muscarinic agonists?
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Which of the following medications should not be used together with general anesthetics?
Which of the following medications should not be used together with general anesthetics?
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What is a common therapeutic use for muscle relaxants?
What is a common therapeutic use for muscle relaxants?
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What are the potential complications of muscarinic agonists?
What are the potential complications of muscarinic agonists?
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What is the pregnancy risk category for most muscle relaxants mentioned?
What is the pregnancy risk category for most muscle relaxants mentioned?
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Which medication is a prototype muscarinic antagonist?
Which medication is a prototype muscarinic antagonist?
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What effect do muscarinic antagonists have on the bladder?
What effect do muscarinic antagonists have on the bladder?
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What dietary recommendation should be given to a client taking muscarinic antagonists?
What dietary recommendation should be given to a client taking muscarinic antagonists?
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Which of the following is NOT a complication associated with muscarinic antagonists?
Which of the following is NOT a complication associated with muscarinic antagonists?
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Which nonselective muscarinic antagonist is used for overactive bladder?
Which nonselective muscarinic antagonist is used for overactive bladder?
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What is the mechanism of action of succinylcholine?
What is the mechanism of action of succinylcholine?
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What role does pseudocholinesterase play in the action of succinylcholine?
What role does pseudocholinesterase play in the action of succinylcholine?
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Which of the following conditions would most likely require the use of a neuromuscular blocking agent?
Which of the following conditions would most likely require the use of a neuromuscular blocking agent?
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How do neuromuscular blocking agents such as vecuronium function?
How do neuromuscular blocking agents such as vecuronium function?
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What is a common therapeutic use for succinylcholine?
What is a common therapeutic use for succinylcholine?
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What is a reversal agent used for neuromuscular blockers?
What is a reversal agent used for neuromuscular blockers?
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Which route is typically NOT associated with the therapeutic use of neuromuscular blocking agents?
Which route is typically NOT associated with the therapeutic use of neuromuscular blocking agents?
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What is one consequence of using succinylcholine at the neuromuscular junction?
What is one consequence of using succinylcholine at the neuromuscular junction?
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What is a primary nursing action for clients suspected of having low levels of pseudocholinesterase?
What is a primary nursing action for clients suspected of having low levels of pseudocholinesterase?
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What are the manifestations of malignant hyperthermia?
What are the manifestations of malignant hyperthermia?
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Which of the following actions should a nurse take if a patient exhibits signs of respiratory depression after a neuromuscular blocker administration?
Which of the following actions should a nurse take if a patient exhibits signs of respiratory depression after a neuromuscular blocker administration?
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What is a key consideration following the administration of succinylcholine?
What is a key consideration following the administration of succinylcholine?
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How can muscle pain be evaluated postoperatively in clients?
How can muscle pain be evaluated postoperatively in clients?
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What is the correct first step if a patient shows signs of malignant hyperthermia during surgery?
What is the correct first step if a patient shows signs of malignant hyperthermia during surgery?
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What medication can be administered to decrease the metabolic activity of skeletal muscle during malignant hyperthermia?
What medication can be administered to decrease the metabolic activity of skeletal muscle during malignant hyperthermia?
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What should a nurse do to help cool a patient experiencing malignant hyperthermia?
What should a nurse do to help cool a patient experiencing malignant hyperthermia?
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Which condition makes succinylcholine contraindicated due to the risk of hyperkalemia?
Which condition makes succinylcholine contraindicated due to the risk of hyperkalemia?
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What is the primary action to take when treating decreased oxygen saturation?
What is the primary action to take when treating decreased oxygen saturation?
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What measure is necessary to prevent hypothermia during treatment?
What measure is necessary to prevent hypothermia during treatment?
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What is a potential adverse effect of abruptly withdrawing from baclofen?
What is a potential adverse effect of abruptly withdrawing from baclofen?
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What is an appropriate recommendation when administering baclofen?
What is an appropriate recommendation when administering baclofen?
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Why is oxybutynin contraindicated in clients with glaucoma?
Why is oxybutynin contraindicated in clients with glaucoma?
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Which of the following is true regarding the use of baclofen?
Which of the following is true regarding the use of baclofen?
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What is the correct initial action when a client experiences malignant hyperthermia?
What is the correct initial action when a client experiences malignant hyperthermia?
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Study Notes
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
- Used for muscle relaxation during general anesthesia, seizure control during electroconvulsive therapy, and suppressing the gag reflex during intubation.
- Examples include succinylcholine and vecuronium.
Muscle Relaxants and Antispasmodics
- Affect both central and peripheral nervous systems.
- Used for spasticity related to muscle injury, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, and multiple sclerosis.
- Examples include diazepam, baclofen, and dantrolene.
Bethanechol
- Muscarinic agonist used for urinary retention.
Oxybutynin
- Muscarinic antagonist used for neurogenic bladder.
Succinylcholine
- Mimics acetylcholine by binding to cholinergic receptors, causing sustained muscle depolarization and paralysis.
- Short duration of action due to rapid degradation by plasma enzyme pseudocholinesterase.
Pancuronium, Atracurium, Vecuronium
- Block acetylcholine from binding to cholinergic receptors, inhibiting nerve depolarization and causing muscle relaxation.
- Reversal agent: neostigmine.
Therapeutic Uses of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
- Adjuncts to general anesthesia for muscle relaxation
- Control of spontaneous respiratory movements in mechanically ventilated clients
- Seizure control during electroconvulsive therapy
- Endotracheal intubation and endoscopy
Complications of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
- Respiratory arrest from paralyzed respiratory muscles
- Nursing actions include continuous cardiac and respiratory monitoring, resuscitation and mechanical ventilation equipment readiness, and monitoring respiratory function return after medication discontinuation.
Atracurium
- Potential for hypotension due to histamine release
- Nursing actions include monitoring blood pressure and administering antihistamines as needed.
Succinylcholine
- Prolonged apnea is possible in clients with low pseudocholinesterase activity.
- Nursing actions include testing pseudocholinesterase activity and withholding medication if activity is low.
Other Medications
- Atracurium, cisatracurium, rocuronium, vecuronium (nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers).
- Block acetylcholine
- Diazepam, cyclobenzaprine, tizanidine (centrally acting muscle relaxants), baclofen (centrally acting muscle relaxant), dantrolene (peripherally acting muscle relaxant)
- Act in the CNS to enhance GABA and produce sedative effects, depress spasticity.
- Bethanechol, cevimeline, pilocarpine, acetylcholine (muscarinic agonists)
- Stimulate muscarinic receptors, increasing bladder pressure and urine excretion
- Oxybutynin, darifenacin, solifenacin, tolterodine, fesoterodine, trospium (muscarinic antagonists)
- Inhibit muscarinic receptors, preventing bladder contractions and urge to void.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the pharmacological aspects and considerations surrounding muscle relaxants such as Baclofen and Succinylcholine. Questions assess knowledge about potential consequences, dietary changes, monitoring effectiveness, and medication interactions. Ideal for students learning about pharmacology in nursing or medical courses.
