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Questions and Answers
What is one of the effects of cocaine on the central nervous system?
What is one of the effects of cocaine on the central nervous system?
- Stimulates serotonin production
- Increases dopamine uptake
- Decreases epinephrine levels
- Blocks uptake of dopamine (correct)
Which cardiac condition can result from cocaine-induced thrombus formation?
Which cardiac condition can result from cocaine-induced thrombus formation?
- Multiple Infarction MI (correct)
- Atrial septal defect
- Valvular heart disease
- Heart rhythm disorder
What systemic response is a result of neurotransmitters accumulating in synapses due to cocaine use?
What systemic response is a result of neurotransmitters accumulating in synapses due to cocaine use?
- Hypertension (correct)
- Bradycardia
- Vasodilation
- Hypotension
Which organ is particularly at risk from the effects of cocaine when consumed?
Which organ is particularly at risk from the effects of cocaine when consumed?
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What is a primary source of exposure to cocaine-related contamination?
What is a primary source of exposure to cocaine-related contamination?
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Study Notes
Neurotransmitter Uptake Blockage
- Cocaine inhibits dopamine uptake in the central nervous system (CNS).
- It also blocks the reuptake of epinephrine and norepinephrine at adrenergic nerve endings.
- Accumulation of neurotransmitters in synapses leads to hyperstimulation.
Symptoms of Hyperstimulation
- Tachycardia (increased heart rate) results from neurotransmitter accumulation.
- Hypertension (high blood pressure) occurs due to enhanced adrenergic stimulation.
- Peripheral vasoconstriction is induced by elevated norepinephrine levels.
Effects on the Cardiovascular System
- Cocaine induces vasoconstriction of coronary arteries, increasing the risk of heart complications.
- Promotes thrombus (blood clot) formation by enhancing platelet aggregation.
- Location of thrombus formation determines specific health outcomes:
- In the heart: Multiple infarction myocardial infarctions (MI) can occur.
- In the brain: Risk of stroke increases with cerebral thrombus formation.
Damage to Organs
- Cocaine is damaging to the CNS, particularly affecting the developing fetus.
- It negatively impacts various organs, including:
- GI tract: Damage to the lining epithelium occurs upon ingestion.
- Kidneys: Cocaine can cause harm during the excretion process.
Source of Exposure
- The primary source of cocaine exposure is consuming contaminated fish.
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