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What is the mechanism of action of amphetamines?
What is the mechanism of action of amphetamines?
Which of the following medications is NOT an amphetamine?
Which of the following medications is NOT an amphetamine?
What is a potential adverse effect of amphetamine use?
What is a potential adverse effect of amphetamine use?
What is the primary indication for the use of anorexiants?
What is the primary indication for the use of anorexiants?
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Which of the following is a common medication used in the treatment of migraine headaches?
Which of the following is a common medication used in the treatment of migraine headaches?
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What is an important nursing implication for patients taking amphetamine medications?
What is an important nursing implication for patients taking amphetamine medications?
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What is a potential adverse effect of anti-migraine medications like triptans?
What is a potential adverse effect of anti-migraine medications like triptans?
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What is the primary mechanism of action for anti-migraine medications?
What is the primary mechanism of action for anti-migraine medications?
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What is a common side effect associated with dopamine agonists used in treating Parkinson's disease?
What is a common side effect associated with dopamine agonists used in treating Parkinson's disease?
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Which nursing action is most appropriate for a patient taking levodopa/carbidopa who experiences psychosis?
Which nursing action is most appropriate for a patient taking levodopa/carbidopa who experiences psychosis?
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What is a common adverse effect of MAO-B inhibitors used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease?
What is a common adverse effect of MAO-B inhibitors used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease?
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Which nursing action is most appropriate for a patient taking dopamine releasers (e.g., amantadine) who experiences constipation?
Which nursing action is most appropriate for a patient taking dopamine releasers (e.g., amantadine) who experiences constipation?
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Which nursing action is most appropriate for a patient taking centrally acting anticholinergics (e.g., Benztropine) who experiences confusion?
Which nursing action is most appropriate for a patient taking centrally acting anticholinergics (e.g., Benztropine) who experiences confusion?
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What is a common adverse effect of centrally acting anticholinergics (e.g., Benztropine) used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease?
What is a common adverse effect of centrally acting anticholinergics (e.g., Benztropine) used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease?
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What is the primary mechanism of action for centrally acting anticholinergics in the treatment of Parkinson's disease?
What is the primary mechanism of action for centrally acting anticholinergics in the treatment of Parkinson's disease?
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Which of the following medications is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose?
Which of the following medications is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose?
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Which of the following opioids is considered an agonist-antagonist opioid?
Which of the following opioids is considered an agonist-antagonist opioid?
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What is a potential therapeutic use of opioid antagonists like naltrexone?
What is a potential therapeutic use of opioid antagonists like naltrexone?
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Which of the following routes of administration is NOT typically used for buprenorphine?
Which of the following routes of administration is NOT typically used for buprenorphine?
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What is a key nursing consideration when administering opioid medications?
What is a key nursing consideration when administering opioid medications?
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Which of the following medications might be used to manage opioid-induced constipation in late-stage diseases?
Which of the following medications might be used to manage opioid-induced constipation in late-stage diseases?
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Which of the following is NOT a potential therapeutic use of agonist-antagonist opioids?
Which of the following is NOT a potential therapeutic use of agonist-antagonist opioids?
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Which route of administration is commonly used for naloxone administration?
Which route of administration is commonly used for naloxone administration?
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What is a primary concern when prescribing beta blockers?
What is a primary concern when prescribing beta blockers?
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Which symptom may be masked in diabetic patients taking certain medications?
Which symptom may be masked in diabetic patients taking certain medications?
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What should be monitored when a patient is on anticonvulsants or tricyclic antidepressants?
What should be monitored when a patient is on anticonvulsants or tricyclic antidepressants?
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What is a recommended practice for patients on medications that cause anticholinergic effects?
What is a recommended practice for patients on medications that cause anticholinergic effects?
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What is a significant risk when prescribing medications during pregnancy and lactation?
What is a significant risk when prescribing medications during pregnancy and lactation?
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Which of the following is a common reason for treatment failure in epilepsy?
Which of the following is a common reason for treatment failure in epilepsy?
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What classifies a seizure as generalized onset?
What classifies a seizure as generalized onset?
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Why is documentation of seizure symptoms critical?
Why is documentation of seizure symptoms critical?
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What type of anesthesia is particularly effective for procedures like nerve blocks?
What type of anesthesia is particularly effective for procedures like nerve blocks?
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Which of the following is NOT a common adverse effect associated with local anesthetics?
Which of the following is NOT a common adverse effect associated with local anesthetics?
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What is a common complication that can occur after spinal anesthesia?
What is a common complication that can occur after spinal anesthesia?
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Which of the following is a common treatment option for a spinal headache?
Which of the following is a common treatment option for a spinal headache?
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What is the role of nurses in the postoperative care of patients who have received anesthesia?
What is the role of nurses in the postoperative care of patients who have received anesthesia?
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Which of the following is NOT a non-pharmacological pain management technique?
Which of the following is NOT a non-pharmacological pain management technique?
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What is a key aspect of effective pain management?
What is a key aspect of effective pain management?
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What is the primary goal of anesthetic administration?
What is the primary goal of anesthetic administration?
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Which of the following is a potential complication associated with aspirin use in children and adolescents with viral illnesses?
Which of the following is a potential complication associated with aspirin use in children and adolescents with viral illnesses?
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What is the primary pharmacological action of acetaminophen?
What is the primary pharmacological action of acetaminophen?
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Which of these individuals should be advised to limit their daily acetaminophen intake to 2 g/day?
Which of these individuals should be advised to limit their daily acetaminophen intake to 2 g/day?
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What nursing action is appropriate when a client is suspected of having acetaminophen toxicity?
What nursing action is appropriate when a client is suspected of having acetaminophen toxicity?
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Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of acetaminophen?
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of acetaminophen?
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What nursing action is appropriate when a client is taking warfarin and acetaminophen?
What nursing action is appropriate when a client is taking warfarin and acetaminophen?
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Which of the following is a precautionary measure when administering NSAIDs?
Which of the following is a precautionary measure when administering NSAIDs?
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When should a client discontinue aspirin before elective surgery or childbirth?
When should a client discontinue aspirin before elective surgery or childbirth?
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Study Notes
Overview of Epilepsy and Seizures
- Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures resulting from uncontrolled electrical activity within the brain.
- Seizures can lead to periods of convulsive behavior, significant muscle contractions, and loss of consciousness.
- The terms seizure and convulsion are often used interchangeably but aren't synonymous with epilepsy.
Status Epilepticus
- A critical condition of continuous seizure activity with no interim recovery.
- It can result in permanent brain damage or death.
- It's considered a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention.
Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs)
- Primary objectives are to control or prevent seizures and minimize adverse effects and toxicity from medication.
- Therapy is typically long-term, often lifelong, and may involve single or combination drugs, with single-drug therapy usually being the initial approach.
Mechanism of Action
- These medications work by reducing the ability of neurons to stimulate and suppress the transmission of electrical impulses between nerves, and slow down nerve impulse conduction.
Indications and Usage
- These medications are used for the prevention and control of seizures.
- It's used as maintenance therapy for chronic seizures.
- Used for emergency treatment of convulsions and status epilepticus.
Common AEDs and Their Characteristics
-
Barbiturates: Phenobarbital and Primidone.
- Used to control seizures.
- Common side effect includes sedation.
- Blood levels must be monitored to stay within the therapeutic range.
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Hydantoins: Phenytoin (Dilantin).
- First-line drug for many years.
- Adverse effects include gum hyperplasia, acne, hair growth, and bone loss.
- Administered via slow IV with numerous incompatibilities .
- Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx) is an injectable prodrug, less irritating than phenytoin.
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Iminostilbenes: Carbamazepine (Tegretol).
- Common for controlling seizures but has interactions inducing hepatic enzymes, leading to varied reactions.
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Miscellaneous AEDs: Gabapentin (Neurontin) and Lamotrigine (Lamictal).
- Gabapentin (Neurontin): Analog of GABA, used for partial seizures and neuropathy.Generally well-tolerated with possible CNS and GI symptoms.
- Lamotrigine (Lamictal): Used for various seizure types, including those in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome; can cause eye problems.
- Other AEDs: Levetiracetam (Keppra), Pregabalin (Lyrica), Topiramate (Topamax), Valproic Acid.
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Description
This quiz covers the mechanisms of action, indications, and nursing implications related to amphetamines and anti-migraine medications. Test your knowledge on potential adverse effects and appropriate nursing actions for these drug classes. Ideal for nursing students and healthcare professionals.