Pharmacology of Alteplase and Belladonna Alkaloids

<p>Mild hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nausea and vomiting (C), Bleeding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within 1.5 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4 to 6 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dry mouth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.5 to 1 mg IVP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Miosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physostigmine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 mg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased salivation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Miosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To correct life-threatening arrhythmias in adults (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By blocking calcium, sodium and potassium channels, causing an increase in the duration of the myocardial cell action potential and refractory period (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Days (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Category C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intravenously over 3 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Internal hemorrhage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antiarrhythmic agent (Class III); Potassium channel blocker (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dilaudid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Generic name (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ammonia Inhalants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amyl Nitrate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydroxocobalamin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metoprolol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epinephrine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnesium Sulfate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium Bicarbonate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alteplase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucagon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flumazenil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Naloxone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oral Glucose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phenytoin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperkalemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium can cause vasoconstriction in coronary and cerebral arteries (A), Use a large bore IV catheter, preferably a central line if possible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30 minutes to 2 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>500 to 1,000 mg IV over 5 to 10 minutes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 to 3 minutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>20 mg/kg slow IVP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may be administered intravenously or orally (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases blood pressure in patients with hypotension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activates postsynaptic alpha-2 adrenoreceptors, leading to a decrease in sympathetic stimulus. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypotension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2mcg/kg over 10 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less than five minutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Known heart failure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intravenous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 to 2 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anticholinergic agents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A thrombolytic enzyme used to treat blood clots and improve heart function.

It converts plasminogen to plasmin when binding to fibrin in a thrombus, dissolving the clot.

Used to treat evolving acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to restore blood flow.

Alteplase begins to work in less than 90 minutes after administration.

It lasts in the system for about 4 to 6 hours after administration.

Conditions such as active bleeding or severe hypertension that prevent use of alteplase.

Includes dysrhythmias, bleeding, hypotension, and gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea.

Using alteplase with other anticoagulants increases bleeding risk; not compatible with dextran.

Management of bleeding from within the body that is difficult to control.

A method to control bleeding by applying pressure to the wound.

RT-PA (tissue Plasminogen Activator) should not mix with other medications and is used with heparin.

For acute myocardial infarction, administer 100 mg IV over 3 hours.

Administer 0.9 mg/kg IV (max 90 mg) for ischemic stroke over one hour.

Used to treat life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in adults.

Blocks multiple ion channels increasing action potential duration and reducing heart workload.

Amiodarone crosses the placenta; effects on the fetus are not well established.

Inhibits norepinephrine release, reducing pain signal transmission.

Activates alpha-2 receptors, decreasing heart rate and blood pressure.

Used for initial sedation in RSI and sedation of ventilated patients.

Common side effects include agitation, sedation, hypotension, and bradycardia.

Specific dosing based on age; varies from 1.5 to 2 mcg/kg.

Restlessness, agitation, blurred vision, and confusion linked to certain medications.

Conditions like tachycardia, chest pain, and arrhythmias caused by certain drugs.

A situation where a drug must not be given due to known hypersensitivity.

A calcium salt essential for nervous and muscular function.

Conditions where caution is needed before administering a drug, like COPD or glaucoma.

500 to 1,000 mg IV over 5 to 10 minutes, repeat as needed.

SLUDGEM indicates symptoms of organophosphate poisoning: Salivation, Lacrimation, etc.

20 mg/kg slow IV push, maximum 1g, may repeat once.

Can cause bradycardia and hypertension if given too quickly.

Initial dose of 0.5 to 1 mg IV, repeat every 3 to 5 minutes up to 3 mg.

Indicators of effective atropine treatment: flushing, pupil dilation, dry mouth, tachycardia.

Increases myocardial contractility and vascular tone.

Treats hydrofluoric acid burns, magnesium sulfate overdose, and hypocalcemia.

Use large bore IV, flush lines before and after use.

A common pain reliever and fever reducer, also known as Tylenol or APAP.

A substance used for treating poisonings and overdoses by absorbing toxins in the gastrointestinal tract.

A medication used to treat certain types of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias).

A bronchodilator used to treat wheezing and difficulty breathing caused by asthma or COPD.

A medication used to treat life-threatening heart rhythm problems.

A primary drug used in emergencies for severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) and cardiac arrest.

A potent synthetic opioid analgesic used for pain management.

An opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose.

A form of glucose used for treating low blood sugar levels.

A medication used to treat bradycardia (slow heart rate) and to reduce salivation during anesthesia.

A benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety, seizures, and muscle spasms.

Also known as Vitamin B1, used to prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy in alcoholics.

A medication often used to manage seizures in eclampsia and to treat asthma.

An alkaline solution used to treat acidosis and to stabilize heart rhythms during cardiac arrest.

A sedative used to induce anesthesia and sedation in medical procedures.