Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the primary indications for using Norepinephrine?
What are the primary indications for using Norepinephrine?
Which of the following medications is a direct-acting non-selective agonist?
Which of the following medications is a direct-acting non-selective agonist?
What is a contraindication for using Epinephrine?
What is a contraindication for using Epinephrine?
What are the common side effects associated with Dopamine?
What are the common side effects associated with Dopamine?
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Which mechanism of action is associated with Clonidine?
Which mechanism of action is associated with Clonidine?
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The primary action of Phenylephrine is vasoconstriction. What is one of its main side effects?
The primary action of Phenylephrine is vasoconstriction. What is one of its main side effects?
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Which of the following best describes the indications for using Pseudoephedrine?
Which of the following best describes the indications for using Pseudoephedrine?
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What is a potential side effect for patients taking Clonidine?
What is a potential side effect for patients taking Clonidine?
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Study Notes
Agonist Drugs
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Direct-Acting:
- Epinephrine (Epi): MOA: Vasoconstriction, ↑ HR, ↑ BP, ↑ force, ↑ AV conduction, MI. Side effects: Arrhythmias, anxiety, headache, anaphylaxis. Indications: Arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, MI. Contraindications: Glaucoma, halothane anesthetic.
- Norepinephrine: MOA: Vasoconstriction, ↑ HR, ↑ BP, ↑ force, ↑ AV conduction, MI. Side effects: Arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, hypertension, angina pectoris, hypotension. Indications: Hypertension, cardiac arrest. Contraindications: Hypotensive shock, pheochromocytoma.
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Mixed-Acting:
- Dopamine: MOA: D1, B1. Side effects: Arrhythmias, hypertension, angina, acute HF. Indications: Hypotensive shock, acute HF, angina. Contraindications: Acidosis.
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Mixed-Acting (continued):
- Ephedrine: MOA: ↑ NE & E, ↑ HR, ↑ BP. Side effects: Arrhythmias, ↑ BP, anxiety. Indications: Bronchodilation, nasal decongestion. Contraindications: Not mentioned.
- Pseudoephedrine: MOA: ↑ NE, ↑ HR, ↑ BP. Side effects: ↑ BP, bradycardia, anxiety, vomiting, chest pain. Indications: Nasal decongestion. Contraindications: Not mentioned.
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Selective Agonists:
- Phenylephrine: MOA: α1 receptor activation, ↑ BP. Side effects: Hypertension, bradycardia, anxiety. Indications: Decongestant. Contraindications: Overactive thyroid, hypersensitivity.
- Oxymetazoline: MOA: α1 activation, ↑ BP. Side effects: Hypertensive shock, arrhythmias. Indications: Nasal decongestion. Contraindications: Not mentioned.
α2-Agonists
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Clonidine: MOA: ↓ NE release, ↓ HR, ↓ BP. Side effects: Hypotension, bradycardia, insomnia. Indications: Hypertension. Contraindications: Pregnancy, heart attack, eye issues.
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Methyldopa: MOA: ↓ NE release, ↓ HR, ↓ BP. Side effects: Hypotension, fatigue. Indications: Hypertension. Contraindications: Not widely used due to side effects.
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Description
This quiz covers important details about direct and mixed-acting agonist drugs, including their mechanisms of action, side effects, indications, and contraindications. Test your knowledge on drugs like Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Dopamine, and more to deepen your understanding of pharmacological principles.
