Pharmacology Module 1 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary site for renal excretion of drugs from the body?

  • Kidney (correct)
  • Lungs
  • Liver
  • Intestines

    • How does urine pH affect drug excretion?

  • It influences reabsorption of drugs from the nephron. (correct)
  • It enhances the drug's absorption in the bloodstream.
  • It does not have any effect on drug excretion.
  • It increases the toxicity of the drug.

    • What does the drug half-life (t1/2) indicate?

  • Time taken for a drug to become ineffective.
  • Time required for the plasma concentration of a drug to reduce by half. (correct)
  • Maximal therapeutic range of a drug.
  • Total duration for a drug to be metabolized completely.

    • What is the purpose of a loading dose?

    <p>To achieve rapid absorption and shorter onset of action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the therapeutic range?

    <p>Concentration that produces a beneficial response without toxicity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym ED50 represent?

    <p>Median effective dose for 50% of the population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pharmacodynamic concept describes a drug that stimulates a response?

    <p>Agonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated when a patient's response to a standard drug dose is significantly lower than expected?

    <p>The drug may be ineffective for this patient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a higher therapeutic index (TI) suggest about a drug?

    <p>It is safer with a larger margin between effective and lethal doses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is interpatient variability in drug response defined?

    <p>Difference in metabolism rates among patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase of drug response is the intensity of response expected to increase linearly?

    <p>Phase 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected outcome if a drug is reabsorbed with bile during enterohepatic recirculation?

    <p>Longer duration of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter is used to assess kidney function?

    <p>Creatinine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pharmacodynamics primarily focus on?

    <p>Drug mechanisms of action and effects on the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the term 'bioavailability'?

    <p>The amount of the drug that enters the systemic circulation unchanged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary disadvantage of the enteral route of drug administration?

    <p>Drugs can be rendered inactive by stomach acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best explains 'metabolism' in the context of pharmacology?

    <p>The body's process of altering drug structure to facilitate excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary site for drug metabolism is:

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which pharmacokinetic process does a drug move from the bloodstream to the target tissues?

    <p>Distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT affect the rate of absorption of drugs?

    <p>Patient's age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term best describes the transport of water across a membrane down its concentration gradient?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following formulations is NOT typically used for enteral administration?

    <p>Creams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a key advantage of parenteral drug administration?

    <p>It avoids the first pass metabolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best captures the importance of pharmacokinetics?

    <p>It outlines how the body affects a drug over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT affect drug distribution?

    <p>Drug suction characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The phenomenon where drug interactions occur due to competition for binding sites on plasma proteins is known as:

    <p>Protein binding displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a drug that becomes less effective due to metabolism?

    <p>Inactive form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Among the following, which process occurs last in pharmacokinetics?

    <p>Excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to receptor numbers when a cell is chronically exposed to an agonist?

    <p>Receptor numbers decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the role of antagonists?

    <p>Prevent action of endogenous substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pharmacogenetics concerned with?

    <p>Genetic variation in drug responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing drug response variations?

    <p>Dietary habits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a partial agonist?

    <p>Mimics endogenous substances weakly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does genetic polymorphism refer to?

    <p>Mutation resulting in variations of a protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does chronic exposure to a receptor antagonist typically affect receptor numbers?

    <p>Increases receptor numbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal characteristic of drug in terms of interaction with other substances?

    <p>Should not interact with food or other drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is NOT a feature of an ideal drug?

    <p>Has a high cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact might gender have on drug response?

    <p>Women seek healthcare earlier than men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes pharmacogenomics?

    <p>Analysis of genes affecting drug response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a result of abrupt withdrawal from antihypertensive drugs?

    <p>Strokes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of pharmacodynamics?

    <p>The effects and mechanisms of drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these factors can affect pharmacokinetics?

    <p>Fat to muscle ratios</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pharmacology Module 1

    • Pharmacology is the study of medications and their impact on biological responses.
    • A drug is a substance that can produce a biological response, while a medication is a drug used to produce a therapeutic response.
    • The ten rights of drug administration are crucial for safe practice:
      • Right Patient/Client
      • Right Drug
      • Right Dose
      • Right Route
      • Right Time
      • Right Frequency
      • Right Documentation
      • Right Drug-Drug interaction and evaluation
      • Right education and information for patient
      • Right to refuse

    Drug Administration Abbreviations

    • Common abbreviations used in drug orders are listed in a table.
      • Abbreviations translate to particular instructions (e.g., "ac" means before meals).

    Three Checks of Drug Administration

    • The Medication Administration Record (MAR) is used for checking drugs prior to administration.
    • The three checks are:
      • Check drug with the MAR at drug storage site
      • Check drug when preparing for administration
      • Check again just before administering to the patient.

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    Midterm 1 Pharmacology PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on pharmacology fundamentals, including the ten rights of drug administration and common abbreviations used in drug orders. This quiz will challenge your understanding of safe medication practices and the three checks of drug administration. Prepare to enhance your skills in pharmacological care!

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