Pharmacology Laboratory Study: Action of Drugs on Human Eyes

The main compartments of the human eye are the cornea, iris, lens, ciliary body, and vitreous humor.

Miosis is the constriction of the pupil, which can be due to either the contraction of the circular muscle or the relaxation of the radial muscle. Mydriasis is the dilation of the pupil, which can be due to either the contraction of the radial muscle or the relaxation of the circular muscle.

The diameter of the pupil and the amount of light entering the eye is regulated by two sets of smooth muscles: the radial muscles innervated by adrenergic fibers (containing alpha1-receptors) and the circular muscles innervated by cholinergic fibers (containing M3-receptors).

<p>The different routes of drug administration to the eye include topical administration (eye drops, eye ointments, eye lotions), local injections, and systemic treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main advantage of using eye drops for drug administration is that they are principally absorbed through the cornea and have a short drug-eye contact time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To block pain signals at the nerve endings in the eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The physiological barriers that limit the penetration of systemically administered drugs to the eye include the various anatomical structures and protective mechanisms of the eye.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tropicamide: (Mydriacyl) 0.5% and 1%. Action up to 6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To stimulate the iris dilator muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disease of the eye in which fluid pressure within the eye rises</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of peripheral vision, sensitivity to light and glare, problems with night vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The aqueous humor is a transparent, gelatinous fluid secreted from the ciliary epithelium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Buildup of aqueous humor within the eye.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>B2-Receptors on the ciliary epithelium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ciliary muscle contraction increases the flow of aqueous humor, decreasing IOP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prostaglandin analogs increase the outflow of aqueous humor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beta blockers reduce the production of aqueous humor by blocking the sympathetic nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors reduce the production of aqueous humor.</p> Signup and view all the answers