Pharmacology I: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Quiz

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Which channel is responsible for reabsorption in the kidney?

Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) (correct)

Sodium-potassium pump

Epithelial chloride channel (ECC)

Potassium-chloride symporter (KCC)

Where does the acidification of urine primarily occur?

Loop of Henle

Collecting duct (correct)

Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

What hormone regulates water reabsorption at the medullary collecting tubules?

Thyroxine

Parathyroid hormone

Aldosterone

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (correct)

Which of the following is activated by protein kinase A (PKA) in the collecting duct cells?

Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) Signup and view all the answers

What effect do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have on HCO3- levels?

Lead to HCO3- diuresis Signup and view all the answers

Why are carbonic anhydrase inhibitors contraindicated for patients with hepatic encephalopathy?

They may cause hyperammonemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the cardiovascular system?

Transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the cardiovascular system is responsible for carrying oxygen to body tissues?

Blood Signup and view all the answers

How many atria and ventricles does the heart have?

2 atria, 2 ventricles Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the cardiovascular system is mainly responsible for nutrient/waste product exchange?

Capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What type of drugs are used to treat hypertension according to the content provided?

Diuretics Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of blood vessels in the cardiovascular system?

Oxygen transport and nutrient exchange Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is considered the prototype agent for Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors?

Acetazolamide Signup and view all the answers

In which condition would Acetazolamide be used to increase urine pH?

Metabolic Alkalosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect associated with high doses of Acetazolamide?

Nervous System toxicity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinical application of Brinzolamide?

Glaucoma Signup and view all the answers

What effect can Acetazolamide have on CSF formation in serious cases?

Reduce CSF formation and pH Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk associated with Acetazolamide use in patients with uric acid and cystine issues?

Renal Stones Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hormones like epinephrine and norepinephrine in the cardiovascular system?

Increase heart rate and cause vasoconstriction Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of beta-blockers on the cardiovascular system?

Decrease heart rate and increase contractility Signup and view all the answers

Which pharmacologic target promotes vasodilation by blocking the RAAS system?

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Signup and view all the answers

How do diuretics affect blood volume and pressure?

Decrease blood volume and pressure Signup and view all the answers

What effect does sympathetic stimulation have on heart rate?

Increases heart rate Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding cardiovascular physiology essential in managing various cardiovascular disorders?

To effectively manage hypertension, heart failure, angina, and arrhythmia Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is commonly associated with Thiazide Diuretics?

Hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism of action of Potassium-Sparring Diuretics?

Act as a pharmacological antagonist of aldosterone Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is a potassium-sparing diuretic that is known for being cardioprotective?

Eplerenone Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of hyperuricemia?

Impotence Signup and view all the answers

Which diuretic drug included in potassium-sparing diuretics has a short duration of action and requires frequent dosing?

Triamterene Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why Potassium-Sparring Diuretics are contraindicated for patients with liver disease?

They can cause hyperkalemia Signup and view all the answers