Pharmacology Extended vs Immediate Release Quiz

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What distinguishes an extended release drug product from an immediate release drug product?

It releases the active pharmaceutical ingredient immediately.
It always requires a higher dosage than immediate release.
It is only available in capsule form.
It has a modified release rate compared to immediate release. (correct)

Why might an extended release formulation demonstrate a different efficacy profile than an immediate release formulation of the same drug?

It contains a higher concentration of the active ingredient.
It is usually administered intravenously.
It is absorbed faster than immediate release formulations.
It delivers the drug over a prolonged period, affecting the pharmacodynamics. (correct)

In what circumstance should an extended release drug product include an immediate release dose?

When prolonged release is unnecessary.
When side effects are minimized.
When the drug has a high absorption rate.
When rapid onset of effect is required. (correct)

What is a potential advantage of using extended release beads in a capsule formulation?

They allow for a longer duration of action. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of conventional (immediate release) drug products?

They are designed to have a prolonged release of medication. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a transdermal drug product?

It is considered an extended release formulation. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common disadvantage of extended release drug products compared to immediate release products?

They can have a delayed onset of action. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following studies is least likely required for the development of an extended release drug product?

Activation studies. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that can hinder a drug's ability to cross biological barriers?

High molecular weight (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can cause rapid drug inactivation in the body?

Fast drug metabolism (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of an ideal drug delivery system?

To release the drug at a rate that matches the therapeutic need (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term ‘minimal effective concentration’ (MEC) refer to?

The lowest concentration required for therapeutic effect (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can lead to therapy failure in vivo?

Limiting dosage due to side effects (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of modified release (MR) drug products over conventional immediate release (IR) formulations?

They provide a consistent drug absorption rate over time. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do MR drug products aim to improve patient compliance?

By enabling sustained therapeutic effects with fewer doses. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of time-controlled drug delivery systems?

To optimize concentration–time profiles (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of using MR drug products for oral administration?

To prolong the therapeutic effect of the drug. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'modified release' specifically refer to?

Drugs with a defined time course and location of drug release. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key aspects encompassed by 'controlled drug delivery'?

Rate and timing of drug release (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary disadvantage of traditional immediate release (IR) formulations as compared to MR formulations?

They result in less consistent drug levels in the bloodstream. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is P-glycoprotein's role in the body regarding drug action?

Facilitating drug efflux (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the potential benefits of MR drug products?

They can enhance clinical and therapeutic benefits. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do MR formulations affect the occurrence of adverse effects compared to conventional formulations?

They reduce peak-trough fluctuations that may be associated with adverse effects. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What therapeutic benefit is associated with the controlled release characteristics of MR medications?

Improving the convenience of taking medications. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the range between two drug concentrations?

Therapeutic window (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a highly potent drug in a conventional dosage form is administered?

The entire drug dose is rapidly released. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of a drug poses a risk of achieving toxic concentrations during treatment?

High potency with a narrow therapeutic range (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a major limitation of immediate-release dosage forms for certain drugs?

They do not provide a sustained drug supply. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What advantage do time-controlled drug delivery systems provide?

They enable constant drug concentrations within the therapeutic range. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What consequence can arise from the quick elimination of a drug from the body after immediate release?

Subtherapeutic drug concentrations (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why might certain drugs require daytime-dependent concentrations?

To match with circadian fluctuations in hormone concentrations. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What must be considered when using drugs that exhibit a narrow therapeutic range?

They require frequent monitoring to prevent toxicity. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant advantage of time-controlled drug delivery systems for patients?

They improve patient compliance through simplified administration schedules. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does the drug concentration curve appear when using a controlled-release system compared to an immediate-release system?

Thicker and more constant (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary issue that still limits the success of various pharmaco-therapies?

Inappropriate or inaccurate administration of drugs. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does a pulsatile drug-release profile function in controlled drug delivery systems?

It remains inactive during part of the night and releases the drug after a predetermined time. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is one way to classify time-controlled drug delivery systems?

Based on the route of administration and drug-release mechanisms. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic of reservoir systems among diffusion-controlled drug delivery systems?

They have a fixed rate of drug release independent of external conditions. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of drug administration might be simplified to once a month through controlled delivery systems?

Parenteral administration. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What challenge do elderly patients face that may impact the effectiveness of drug therapies?

They often have multiple, complicated drug treatments. (A) Signup and view all the answers