Questions and Answers
What are the drug classes of DuoNeb?
What is the mechanism of action of Albuterol?
Selective beta-2 agonist that stimulates adrenergic receptors, resulting in smooth-muscle relaxation in the bronchial tree.
What is the mechanism of action of Ipratropium?
Inhibits action of acetylcholine at receptor sites, resulting in decreased cyclic guanosine monophosphate and bronchodilation.
What is the supply format of DuoNeb?
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What are the indications for using DuoNeb?
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What are the contraindications of DuoNeb?
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What are common adverse reactions or side effects of DuoNeb?
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What drug interactions may occur with DuoNeb?
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What is the recommended dosage for adults using DuoNeb?
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Study Notes
Drug Class
- DuoNeb combines two drug classes: sympathomimetic bronchodilator (Albuterol) and anticholinergic bronchodilator (Ipratropium).
Mechanism of Action
- Albuterol acts as a selective beta-2 agonist, stimulating adrenergic receptors, leading to smooth muscle relaxation in the bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature.
- Ipratropium inhibits acetylcholine at receptor sites in bronchial smooth muscle, reducing cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels and causing bronchodilation.
Supply
- Available as multi-dose vials or 3 mL pre-filled unit doses, each containing 0.5 mg of Ipratropium and 3 mg of Albuterol.
Indications
- Used for the relief of bronchospasm in conditions with reversible obstructive airway disease, including acute asthma attacks and COPD exacerbations.
Contraindications
- Not recommended for patients with known hypersensitivity to Albuterol, Ipratropium, Atropine, or related substances (including peanuts or soy products).
- Caution is advised due to potential adverse cardiovascular effects such as tachycardia and dysrhythmias, particularly with Digitalis-related conditions.
Adverse Reactions / Side Effects
- Common side effects may include headache, fatigue, dizziness, irritability, and restlessness.
- Severe reactions can involve pulmonary edema, worsening of COPD symptoms, increased heart rate, chest pain, and gastrointestinal distress.
Drug Interactions
- Tricyclic antidepressants may enhance the vascular effects of DuoNeb.
- Beta blockers may reduce bronchodilatory effects, creating antagonistic interactions.
- The medication may increase the risk of hypokalemia when used with diuretics.
Dosage and Administration
- For adults, dosage is 0.5 mg of Ipratropium and 3 mg of Albuterol nebulized over 15-20 minutes; may be repeated as needed.
- Pediatric dosing is equivalent to adults.
- Special note: Consult ALS Protocols for specific guidelines or any adjustments in dosing.
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Description
Test your knowledge on DuoNeb, a combination of Albuterol and Ipratropium, with these flashcards. Each card covers key aspects such as drug class and mechanism of action. Perfect for students and professionals in pharmacology or respiratory therapies.
