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Questions and Answers
What is an action potential?
A rapid change in the membrane potential that explains how impulses are conducted along the nerves.
What feeling characterizes anxiety?
Fear, tension, or apprehension from known or unknown reasons.
What are neurotransmitters?
Chemicals in the nervous system that help in the transmission of impulses.
What is the primary characteristic of Parkinson's disease?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of mania?
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What is synaptic transmission?
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What does the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) do?
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What is the main focus of the pharmacodynamics of drugs affecting the nervous system?
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____ is characterized by extreme sadness, hopelessness, and disorganization.
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Seizures are characterized by normal impulse transmission in the brain.
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Which of the following describes palliative treatment?
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Study Notes
Pharmacology Course Notes
- Course Topic: Drugs Affecting the Body System and Nursing Considerations: CNS & ANS
- Course Module: 1
- Course Unit: 5
- Week: 5
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Learning Objectives: At the end of the unit, learners will be able to:
- Review anatomy and physiology of the Nervous System.
- Understand the basic concepts of diseases affecting the CNS and ANS.
- Classify neurotransmitters that affect nervous function.
- Understand impulse transmission in the nervous system and pharmacodynamics of drugs affecting it.
- Identify classifications of drugs affecting the CNS and ANS.
- Describe the specific actions of drugs and their adverse effects.
- Understand the pharmacokinetics of drugs affecting the nervous system.
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Checklist:
- Read the course and unit objectives.
- Read the study guide before class.
- Read required reading materials and understand terminologies.
- Participate in classroom discussion.
- Participate in discussion board (Canvas).
- Answer and submit course unit tasks.
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Key Terminology:
- Action Potential: Rapid change in membrane potential explaining impulse conduction.
- Anxiety: Fear, tension, or apprehension from known or unknown reasons.
- Depression: Affective disorder characterized by extreme sadness, hopelessness, and disorganization.
- Mania: Characterized by over-activity and excitement.
- Neurotransmitters: Chemicals in the nervous system facilitating impulse transmission.
- Palliative Treatment: Control of signs and symptoms of disease.
- Parkinson's Disease: Degenerative nervous system disease with dopamine deficiency.
- Schizophrenia: Psychotic disorder impairing function.
- Seizure: Abnormal and excessive impulse transmission in the brain.
- Synaptic Transmission: Conduction of impulses across the junction between neurons.
- Required Reading: Karch, A.M. (2019). Focus on nursing pharmacology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Chapters on Drugs affecting CNS and ANS.
Drugs Affecting the CNS
- Anxiety: Drugs used for treating anxiety include barbiturates or benzodiazepines, which enhance GABA's effect.
- Depression: Antidepressant drugs increase neurotransmitters like norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine.
- Seizures: Anti-seizure drugs suppress neuronal activity by affecting sodium, calcium, or GABA transmission.
- Mania: Anti-manic drugs regulate dopamine and norepinephrine activity.
Anti-Seizure Drugs
- Seizure is a collection of syndromes with excessive neuronal impulse transmission.
- Types include generalized and partial seizures.
- Mechanisms of action include suppression of sodium/calcium influx or enhancing GABA's inhibitory effects on neurons.
Anti-Parkinson's Drugs
- Parkinson’s disease is a degenerative brain disorder with decreased dopamine in the brain, causing tremors and movement problems.
- Anti-Parkinson drugs increase dopamine or suppress acetylcholine effects.
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Description
This quiz covers the key concepts of pharmacology related to the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Autonomic Nervous System (ANS). Students will review anatomy, classify neurotransmitters, and understand the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of drugs affecting these systems. Prepare to identify drug classifications and their specific actions and adverse effects.
