Pharmacology Considerations Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of hypertension?

  • DBP of 70 mm Hg or greater
  • DBP of 90 mm Hg or greater
  • SBP of 130 mm Hg or greater and/or a DBP of 80 mm Hg or greater (correct)
  • SBP of 140 mm Hg or greater

    • Which condition is classified as hypertensive emergency?

  • Extreme BP elevation with acute or progressing end-organ damage (correct)
  • DBP greater than 80 mm Hg
  • SBP of 120 mm Hg
  • Isolated systolic hypertension

    • What is the most common chronic disease in the United States?

  • Asthma
  • Hypertension (correct)
  • Obesity
  • Diabetes

    • Which factor contributes to the development of essential hypertension?

    <p>Disturbances in the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of hypertension cases are due to secondary causes?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contributor to essential hypertension?

    <p>Evaluate Na intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily alcohol limit for women?

    <p>1 drink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following should be avoided with uncontrolled hypertension?

    <p>Decongestants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which group is the alcohol limit set at 2 drinks per day?

    <p>Men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of antipsychotic should be avoided according to the text?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dietary habit can increase blood pressure, according to the text?

    <p>Diet high in saturated fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suggested caffeine limit according to the text?

    <p>Less than 300 mg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormonal disorder involves the overproduction of aldosterone from the adrenal gland?

    <p>Primary aldosteronism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended screening test for patients suspected of having renal artery stenosis?

    <p>Renal duplex doppler ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physical examination finding is associated with obstructive sleep apnea?

    <p>Systolic-diastolic bruit in the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom that should prompt screening for obstructive sleep apnea in hypertensive patients?

    <p>Fitful sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients with renal parenchymal disease, what screening test is typically recommended?

    <p>Renal ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy typically affect blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea?

    <p>Small reduction of 2-3 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk factor for hypertension involves damage to the arterial walls?

    <p>Tobacco Use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major benefit of treating elevated blood pressure?

    <p>Decreased risk of stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical presentation is common in patients with uncomplicated primary hypertension?

    <p>Asymptomatic initially</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible outcome for untreated hypertensive patients according to the text?

    <p>Increased risk of cerebrovascular events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the diagnosis of primary hypertension be made according to the text?

    <p>Based on an average of multiple readings over different encounters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do signs of end-organ damage primarily occur in patients with hypertension?

    <p>Eyes, Brain, Heart, Kidneys, and Peripheral Vasculature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of out-office blood pressure measurements?

    <p>To confirm the diagnosis of hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of blood pressure monitoring is known to reduce white-coat response?

    <p>Automated oscillometric blood pressure measurement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is outside confirmation not needed for blood pressure measurements?

    <p>For very high blood pressure readings above 180/110 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypertension can occur when office blood pressure is within a specific range but BP readings at home are higher?

    <p>Masked hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done for proper patient training on blood pressure monitoring devices?

    <p>Ensure the device used is automated and validated with memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for BP measurements in various settings and devices to correspond?

    <p>To decrease false diagnoses of hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

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