Pharmacology Considerations Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of hypertension?

  • DBP of 70 mm Hg or greater
  • DBP of 90 mm Hg or greater
  • SBP of 130 mm Hg or greater and/or a DBP of 80 mm Hg or greater (correct)
  • SBP of 140 mm Hg or greater

Which condition is classified as hypertensive emergency?

  • Extreme BP elevation with acute or progressing end-organ damage (correct)
  • DBP greater than 80 mm Hg
  • SBP of 120 mm Hg
  • Isolated systolic hypertension

What is the most common chronic disease in the United States?

  • Asthma
  • Hypertension (correct)
  • Obesity
  • Diabetes

Which factor contributes to the development of essential hypertension?

<p>Disturbances in the CNS (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of hypertension cases are due to secondary causes?

<p>90% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contributor to essential hypertension?

<p>Evaluate Na intake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily alcohol limit for women?

<p>1 drink (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following should be avoided with uncontrolled hypertension?

<p>Decongestants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For which group is the alcohol limit set at 2 drinks per day?

<p>Men (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of antipsychotic should be avoided according to the text?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary habit can increase blood pressure, according to the text?

<p>Diet high in saturated fats (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested caffeine limit according to the text?

<p>Less than 300 mg/day (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormonal disorder involves the overproduction of aldosterone from the adrenal gland?

<p>Primary aldosteronism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended screening test for patients suspected of having renal artery stenosis?

<p>Renal duplex doppler ultrasound (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which physical examination finding is associated with obstructive sleep apnea?

<p>Systolic-diastolic bruit in the abdomen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom that should prompt screening for obstructive sleep apnea in hypertensive patients?

<p>Fitful sleep (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with renal parenchymal disease, what screening test is typically recommended?

<p>Renal ultrasound (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy typically affect blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea?

<p>Small reduction of 2-3 mm Hg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which risk factor for hypertension involves damage to the arterial walls?

<p>Tobacco Use (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major benefit of treating elevated blood pressure?

<p>Decreased risk of stroke (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical presentation is common in patients with uncomplicated primary hypertension?

<p>Asymptomatic initially (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible outcome for untreated hypertensive patients according to the text?

<p>Increased risk of cerebrovascular events (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the diagnosis of primary hypertension be made according to the text?

<p>Based on an average of multiple readings over different encounters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do signs of end-organ damage primarily occur in patients with hypertension?

<p>Eyes, Brain, Heart, Kidneys, and Peripheral Vasculature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of out-office blood pressure measurements?

<p>To confirm the diagnosis of hypertension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood pressure monitoring is known to reduce white-coat response?

<p>Automated oscillometric blood pressure measurement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is outside confirmation not needed for blood pressure measurements?

<p>For very high blood pressure readings above 180/110 mm Hg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypertension can occur when office blood pressure is within a specific range but BP readings at home are higher?

<p>Masked hypertension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done for proper patient training on blood pressure monitoring devices?

<p>Ensure the device used is automated and validated with memory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for BP measurements in various settings and devices to correspond?

<p>To decrease false diagnoses of hypertension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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