Pharmacology Considerations Quiz

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What is the definition of hypertension?

DBP of 70 mm Hg or greater

DBP of 90 mm Hg or greater

SBP of 130 mm Hg or greater and/or a DBP of 80 mm Hg or greater (correct)

SBP of 140 mm Hg or greater

Which condition is classified as hypertensive emergency?

Extreme BP elevation with acute or progressing end-organ damage (correct)

DBP greater than 80 mm Hg

SBP of 120 mm Hg

Isolated systolic hypertension

What is the most common chronic disease in the United States?

Asthma

Hypertension (correct)

Obesity

Diabetes

Which factor contributes to the development of essential hypertension?

Disturbances in the CNS Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of hypertension cases are due to secondary causes?

90% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contributor to essential hypertension?

Evaluate Na intake Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily alcohol limit for women?

1 drink Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following should be avoided with uncontrolled hypertension?

Decongestants Signup and view all the answers

For which group is the alcohol limit set at 2 drinks per day?

Men Signup and view all the answers

What type of antipsychotic should be avoided according to the text?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary habit can increase blood pressure, according to the text?

Diet high in saturated fats Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested caffeine limit according to the text?

Less than 300 mg/day Signup and view all the answers

Which hormonal disorder involves the overproduction of aldosterone from the adrenal gland?

Primary aldosteronism Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended screening test for patients suspected of having renal artery stenosis?

Renal duplex doppler ultrasound Signup and view all the answers

Which physical examination finding is associated with obstructive sleep apnea?

Systolic-diastolic bruit in the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom that should prompt screening for obstructive sleep apnea in hypertensive patients?

Fitful sleep Signup and view all the answers

In patients with renal parenchymal disease, what screening test is typically recommended?

Renal ultrasound Signup and view all the answers

How does continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy typically affect blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea?

Small reduction of 2-3 mm Hg Signup and view all the answers

Which risk factor for hypertension involves damage to the arterial walls?

Tobacco Use Signup and view all the answers

What is a major benefit of treating elevated blood pressure?

Decreased risk of stroke Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical presentation is common in patients with uncomplicated primary hypertension?

Asymptomatic initially Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible outcome for untreated hypertensive patients according to the text?

Increased risk of cerebrovascular events Signup and view all the answers

How should the diagnosis of primary hypertension be made according to the text?

Based on an average of multiple readings over different encounters Signup and view all the answers

Where do signs of end-organ damage primarily occur in patients with hypertension?

Eyes, Brain, Heart, Kidneys, and Peripheral Vasculature Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of out-office blood pressure measurements?

To confirm the diagnosis of hypertension Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood pressure monitoring is known to reduce white-coat response?

Automated oscillometric blood pressure measurement Signup and view all the answers

When is outside confirmation not needed for blood pressure measurements?

For very high blood pressure readings above 180/110 mm Hg Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypertension can occur when office blood pressure is within a specific range but BP readings at home are higher?

Masked hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What should be done for proper patient training on blood pressure monitoring devices?

Ensure the device used is automated and validated with memory Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for BP measurements in various settings and devices to correspond?

To decrease false diagnoses of hypertension Signup and view all the answers