Questions and Answers
What is the name under which a drug is listed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)?
official name
Which source contains information specific to nutritional supplements?
What is the most comprehensive reference available to research a drug interaction?
Which section of the Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) is most helpful to get information about a drug?
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Which online drug reference provides a comprehensive resource about medicines?
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Which legislation authorizes the FDA to determine the safety of a drug before its marketing?
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Meperidine (Demerol) is a narcotic with a high potential for dependency. Under which classification does this drug fall?
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What would the FDA do to expedite drug development and approval for an outbreak of smallpox?
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Which statement is true about over-the-counter (OTC) drugs?
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Which is the most authoritative reference for medications that are injected?
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The nurse is administering Lomotil, a Schedule V drug. Which statement is true about this drug's classification?
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Which medication ordered for a patient with a substance abuse history has the greatest risk for abuse?
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Which resource(s) would be appropriate to determine the medication names and doses in an emergency scenario?
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Which statement(s) would the nurse include while teaching about drug names?
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Which drug(s) would be considered Schedule II?
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Study Notes
Drug Classification and Naming
- Official drug names listed by the FDA include the drug's official name, brand name (trademark by manufacturer), and generic name (nonproprietary name from U.S. Adopted Names Council).
- Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs do not require a prescription and can be identified by both generic and brand names. They are included in the USP NF.
- Schedule II drugs, like Meperidine (Demerol) and Percodan, have a high potential for abuse and may lead to severe dependency, unlike Schedule V drugs such as Lomotil, which have limited potential for abuse.
Drug References and Resources
- The United States Pharmacopoeia/National Formulary provides detailed information on nutritional supplements, differentiating it from other drug reference sources.
- Drug Interaction Facts, first published in 1983, is the leading resource for drug interactions, maintained by qualified professionals.
- The Handbook on Injectable Drugs is the most authoritative source for information on injectable medications.
- DailyMed is an online drug reference providing up-to-date and comprehensive data about medicines for healthcare providers and the public.
Legislation and Drug Safety
- The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) empowered the FDA to ensure drug safety before market release. Subsequent amendments further enhanced drug safety standards.
- The Kefauver Harris Drug Amendment (1962) requires that drug manufacturers prove a drug's effectiveness and safety before marketing.
Fast Track and Drug Development
- In response to health crises like a smallpox outbreak, the FDA can fast track investigational drugs to expedite development and approval.
Patient Education and Medication History
- The Physicians' Desk Reference, particularly Section 4, is instrumental in identifying medications from pill images, while the patient's pharmacy holds accurate medication records when no current prescriptions are available.
Considerations for Abuse Potential
- Medications are categorized based on abuse potential; Schedule I drugs have the highest potential with no accepted medical use, while Schedule IV drugs have a lower potential for abuse.
- Each drug's schedule informs its legal status and required precautions when prescribing or dispensing.
Teaching Points for Nursing Practice
- Educate patients that the FDA lists a drug's official name while brand names are designed for ease of use.
- Clarify that the first letter of a generic name is not capitalized, highlighting a distinct feature for differentiation from brand names.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Pharmacology Chapter 1. Learn about drug names as listed by the FDA, and discover essential information regarding nutritional supplements. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals alike.
