23 Questions
What does QISS stand for?
Q=Alpha 1, 1=Alpha 2; S-Beta 1; S = Beta 2
What does QIQ stand for?
Q-M1, 1=M2 Q=M3
What does the mnemonic QISS and QIQ sound like?
Kiss and Kick
How is S represented in QISS?
S = Beta 2
What does 1 represent in QISS?
1=Alpha 2
What are the common sympathetic effects associated with septic and cardiogenic shock?
Restlessness, tremor, palpitations, throbbing headache
How does epinephrine differ from norepinephrine in terms of its effect on blood pressure?
Epinephrine causes a greater rise in blood pressure compared to norepinephrine.
What are the potential serious consequences of extreme vasospasm?
Tissue necrosis, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction (MI), ischemia
What is the main difference in the effect of epinephrine and norepinephrine on heart rate?
Epinephrine causes reflex bradycardia, while norepinephrine does not.
What are the main vascular effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine?
Epinephrine causes extreme vasospasm, while norepinephrine increases total peripheral resistance.
What is the function of B.ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS in the body?
Vasoconstriction
What is the effect of B.ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS on the pupillary dilator muscle?
Contraction
How do B.ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS affect CAMP levels?
Decrease
What is the role of norepinephrine in B.ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS?
Nonselective
What is the mechanism of action of sympathomimetics on α1 adrenergic receptors?
Vasoconstriction, increases BP, mydriasis
Which drug cannot cause a cholinergic crisis?
Atropine
What is a side effect of excessive intake of ipratropium bromide?
Hypersalivation
A patient was given five times the normal dose of physostigmine and is manifesting toxicity. What antidote would you give?
Pralidoxime
What are some potential complications of a sharp rise in blood pressure?
cerebral hemorrhage, cardiac arrhythmias
In the context of norepinephrine and blood pressure, what is important to remember?
Norepi a > B
Why is it significant to be cautious with norepinephrine in relation to blood pressure?
It can lead to severe complications like cerebral hemorrhage.
What should healthcare providers bear in mind regarding the impact of norepinephrine on cardiac function?
It can cause cardiac arrhythmias.
How can an abrupt surge in blood pressure affect the brain?
It can result in cerebral hemorrhage.
Prepare for the pharmacology board exam by reviewing topics such as adrenergic receptors function and the mechanism of action of sympathomimetics. This quiz is adapted from Katzung and Trevor's Pharmacology Examination and Board Review, 12th edition, 2019.
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