62 Questions
Which adverse effect is common to both Ezetimibe and Fibric Acid Derivatives?
Joint pains
What is a potential adverse effect of Nicotinic Acid Derivatives?
Allergy
Which cholesterol level is considered normal for HDL according to the nursing implications provided?
30 - 75 mg/dL
Which lipoprotein requires fasting before blood draw according to the information given?
LDL
Which combination product includes Ezetimibe?
Vytorin
What is the action of Fibric Acid Derivatives?
Decrease hepatic triglyceride synthesis
Which adverse effect of Fibric Acid Derivatives affects the skin?
Skin rash
What is the primary action of Nicotinic Acid Derivatives?
Decrease hepatic triglyceride synthesis
Which class of drugs is primarily used to manage hypertension by balancing sodium and water in the kidneys?
Diuretics
Which type of drug blocks the secretory action of the sympathetic nervous system?
Antiadrenergic: Central Acting
Which drug class acts on the smooth muscle layer of blood vessels and is used for severe hypertension and emergencies?
Peripheral Vasodilators
Which drug class primarily blocks beta adrenergic receptors and is used for hypertension, angina, and migraines?
Antiadrenergics/Sympatholytics
Which antiadrenergic drug class blocks both epinephrine and norepinephrine actions?
Peripheral Vasodilators
Which antiadrenergic drug class specifically acts peripherally by blocking alpha adrenergic receptors?
Peripheral Vasodilators
Which drug class is specifically indicated for hypertension, congestive heart failure (CHF), post myocardial infarction (MI), and diabetes?
Diuretics
Which Antiadrenergic drug class is considered 'Central Acting'?
Antiadrenergics/Sympatholytics
Which drug class includes medications like Amlodipine, Diltiazem, and Verapamil that are commonly used for hypertension and angina?
Calcium Channel Blockers
Which drug class is known for balancing sodium and water in the kidneys to help manage hypertension?
Diuretics
Which drug is the drug of choice for hypertensive crisis?
Nitroprusside
What is the primary action of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I)?
Inhibit ACE from converting angiotensin I into angiotensin II
Which of the following is an adverse effect of statins (HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors)?
Muscle pain and cramps
What is the main action of bile acid sequestrants?
Form a complex with bile
Which drug prevents aldosterone binding at the mineralocorticoid receptor?
Eplerenone
What is the primary action of renin inhibitors?
Directly inhibit renin
Which class of drugs is indicated for shock by increasing heart rate and force of contraction?
Antihypotensives
Which antihypotensive drug mimics epinephrine and norepinephrine actions?
Dobutamine
What symptom is associated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) adverse drug reactions?
Dry cough
What is the primary role of Peripheral Vasodilators in nursing implications?
Foster circulation
Which adverse effect is common to both Nicotinic Acid Derivatives and Fibric Acid Derivatives?
Nausea and vomiting
What is the primary action of Ezetimibe (Zetia)?
Decrease hepatic triglyceride synthesis
Which drug class includes Gemfibrozil (Lopid) and Fenofibrate (Tricor)?
Fibric Acid Derivatives
What is a common adverse effect of Nicotinic Acid Derivatives?
Nausea and vomiting
What is a nursing implication related to cholesterol levels?
HDL 30 - 75 mg/dL
Which drug is a combination product consisting of Amlodipine and Atorvastatin?
Caduet
What is a potential adverse effect of Ezetimibe and Simvastatin (Vytorin) combination product?
Cardiac arrhythmia
Which action is NOT associated with Nicotinic Acid Derivatives?
Decreases hepatic triglyceride synthesis
What is a key nursing implication regarding lipoprotein blood draw timing?
- No fasting needed for total cholesterol test
Which antihypertensive drug class is indicated for managing hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, migraines, hyperthyroidism, panic attacks, and post myocardial infarction?
Beta Adrenergic Blockers
Which peripheral acting antiadrenergic drug class specifically blocks alpha adrenergic receptors and is indicated for hypertension and Raynaud’s disease?
Antiadrenergics/Sympatholytics
In the context of antihypotensive drugs, which medication acts on the smooth muscle layer of blood vessels and is indicated for severe hypertension and emergencies?
Peripheral Vasodilators
Which antiadrenergic drug specifically blocks the action of both epinephrine and norepinephrine?
Central Acting Antiadrenergics
What is the primary role of diuretics in managing hypertension?
Removing Na and H2O
Which calcium channel blockers are indicated for hypertension, angina, and Raynaud’s disease?
Terazosin
Which antiadrenergic drug belongs to the central acting group and includes drugs like Methyldopa and Clonidine?
Antiadrenergic: Central Acting
Which drug class balances sodium and water in the kidneys to help manage hypertension?
Diuretics
Which type of drug blocks secretory action in the sympathetic nervous system including alpha 1 blockers and beta blockers?
Antiadrenergics/Sympatholytics
What is the primary action of alpha beta adrenergic blockers like Labetalol (Trandate)?
Block epinephrine action
What is the action of Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (ARBs)?
Block angiotensin II receptors to prevent vasoconstriction
Which drug directly inhibits renin action?
Aliskiren (Tekturna)
What is the primary adverse effect of Bile Acid Sequestrants?
Flatulence
Which class of drugs interferes with cholesterol synthesis?
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
What is the primary action of Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors?
Form a complex with bile
Which drug is indicated for shock by increasing heart rate and force of contraction?
Dobutamine
What is the primary adverse effect of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-I)?
Angioedema
Which class of drugs prevents aldosterone binding at the mineralocorticoid receptor?
Aldosterone Blockers
What is the main role of Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) Inhibitors?
Inhibit renin activity
Which drug of choice for hypertensive crisis should be protected from sunlight to prevent cyanide poisoning?
Nitroprusside
Which adverse effect is NOT associated with Fibric Acid Derivatives?
Severe flushing
Which lipid modifying agent is associated with the adverse effect of joint pains?
Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
Which drug combination product includes Amlodipine?
Amlodipine and Atorvastatin (Caduet)
What is a common adverse effect of Nicotinic Acid Derivatives besides severe flushing?
Tingling
What is a key nursing implication related to liver profile in patients taking Fibric Acid Derivatives?
Decrease saturated fat intake
Study Notes
- Diuretics are used to manage hypertension by removing sodium and water from the body, with different types including loops, thiazides, and potassium-sparing diuretics.
- Antiadrenergics/sympatholytics block the secretory action in the sympathetic nervous system, with examples including alpha 2 agonists, alpha 1 blockers, beta blockers, and alpha-beta blockers.
- Central acting antiadrenergics like alpha 2 agonists include drugs such as Methyldopa, Clonidine, Guanfacine, and Guanabenz.
- Peripheral acting antiadrenergics like alpha 1 blockers include drugs such as Prazosin, Terazosin, and Doxazosin, used for conditions like hypertension and Raynaud’s disease.
- Beta adrenergic blockers are used for hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, migraines, hyperthyroidism, panic attacks, and post-myocardial infarction.
- Calcium channel blockers are indicated for hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, and Raynaud’s disease.
- Peripheral vasodilators act on the smooth muscle layer of blood vessels, used for severe hypertension and emergencies, with drugs like Diazoxide, Minoxidil, and Nitroprusside being common choices.
Test your knowledge on antihypertensives, diuretics, antiadrenergics, and central acting antiadrenergic drugs. Learn about indications, mechanisms of action, and common medications used in the treatment of hypertension and related conditions.
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