Questions and Answers
What suffix is commonly associated with broad spectrum antibiotics?
Which suffix is associated with tetracyclines?
Which of the following is a suffix for antifungal medications?
What suffix indicates beta-blockers?
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Which class of medication does the suffix -statin belong to?
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What type of medication uses the suffix -caine?
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What is the suffix for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
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What is the suffix associated with anticoagulants that inhibit Factor Xa?
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The suffix for hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, is _____
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What suffix indicates antidepressants in the tricyclic category?
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Study Notes
Antibiotics / Antibacterials
- Broad spectrum antibiotics typically end with -oxacin, effective against a wide range of bacteria.
- Tetracyclines are recognizable by the suffix -cycline, commonly used to treat various infections.
- Sulfonamides begin with the prefix sulf-, targeting bacterial infections.
- Cephalosporins have prefixes -cef or ceph-, used for broader bacterial coverage.
- Penicillins include the suffix -cillin, well-known for their antibacterial properties.
- Aminoglycosides and macrolides are identifiable with the suffix -mycin, effective against certain bacterial strains.
- Fluoroquinolones have the suffix -floxacin, used in treating acute bacterial infections.
Antivirals
- Antivirals that disrupt viral maturation are marked with the suffix -virimat.
- A general category of antivirals use the prefix vir-, indicating their action against viral infection.
- Neuraminidase inhibitors are recognized by the suffix -amivir, aiding in flu treatment.
- Acyclovir-related antivirals end in -cyclovir, primarily used for herpes viruses.
- HIV protease inhibitors have the suffix -navir, targeting HIV replication.
- Medications for HIV/AIDS typically include -vudine as a suffix, addressing viral suppression.
Antifungal
- Antifungal agents are commonly identified with the suffix -azole, used to treat fungal infections.
Anesthetics / Antianxiety
- Local anesthetics are characterized by the suffix -caine, blocking nerve signals in specific areas.
- Barbiturates, a class of CNS depressants, typically end with -barbital, inducing sedation.
- Benzodiazepines for anxiety and sedation include -zolam and -zepam as common suffixes.
Antidiabetic
- Oral hypoglycemics may have endings like -ide, -tide, or -linide, managing blood sugar levels.
- DPP-4 enzyme inhibitors are known by the suffix -gliptin, involved in glycemic control.
- Thiazolidinediones have the suffix -glitazone, utilized for type 2 diabetes management.
Cardiac
- Antihypertensives are categorized by specific suffixes:
- ACE inhibitors end in -pril.
- Beta-blockers are marked with -olol.
- Angiotensin II receptor antagonists use -sartan.
- Calcium channel blockers often end with -pine or -amil.
- Vasopressin receptor antagonists are suffixed with -vaptan.
- Alpha-1 blockers feature the suffix -osin.
- Diuretics are divided into groups with loop diuretics as -ide or -semide and thiazides as -thiazide.
- Potassium-sparing diuretics typically end with -actone.
Antihyperlipidemics
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, crucial in cholesterol management, are identified by the suffix -statin.
Other Medications
- Anticoagulants targeting Factor Xa are recognized by -xaban.
- Dicumarol type anticoagulants end with -arol; hirudin type anticoagulants use -irudin.
- Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) products are marked with -parin.
- Thrombolytics, also known as clot-busters, often end with -teplase or -ase.
- Antiarrhythmics commonly feature the suffix -arone.
Analgesics / Opioids
- Opioids used for pain relief are found with -done or -one.
- NSAIDs for anti-inflammatory effects typically end with -olac or -profen.
- Salicylates include Aspirin (ASA), while nonsalicylates reference Acetaminophen.
Gastrointestinal
- Histamine H2 antagonists, used for gastric acid reduction, have the suffix -tidine or -dine.
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), effective in treating GERD, are recognized by suffix -prazole.
- Laxatives typically end with -lax.
Antidepressants
- SSRIs are identified with -oxetine and -talopram; additional formats include -zodone.
- SNRIs/DNRIs commonly feature -faxine or -nacipram.
- Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) usually end with -triptyline or -pramine.
Miscellaneous
- Corticosteroids are often suffixed with -asone, -olone, or -inide.
- Triptans and ergotamines for migraine treatment include suffixes -triptan and ergot- respectively.
- Antiseptics frequently end with -chloro, while anti-tuberculars begin with rifa-.
- Bisphosphonates are noted by the suffix -dronate.
- Neuromuscular blockers end with -nuim; retinoids feature tretin-.
- Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors are marked with -afil, while carbonic anhydrase inhibitors feature -lamide.
- Progestins for female hormone therapy generally end with -trel.
- Atypical antipsychotics often include -ridone.
Respiratory Medications
Upper Respiratory
- Second-generation antihistamines, known as H1 antagonists, feature suffixes -adine, -tirizine, and -ticine.
- Nasal decongestants typically end with -ephrine or -zoline.
Lower Respiratory
- Beta2-agonists, serving as bronchodilators, are marked with the suffix -terol.
- Xanthine derivatives are identifiable by the suffix -phylline.
- Cholinergic blockers can feature -tropium or -clindidiun.
- Immunomodulators and leukotriene modifiers include -zumab and -lukast.
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Description
Test your knowledge on antibiotics and antibacterials, focusing on their suffixes and prefixes. This quiz is designed to help you understand the broad spectrum of these crucial pharmacological agents. Ideal for nursing students and healthcare professionals.