Pharmacology: Antibiotics and Antibacterials

Broad spectrum antibiotics typically end with -oxacin, effective against a wide range of bacteria.
Tetracyclines are recognizable by the suffix -cycline, commonly used to treat various infections.
Sulfonamides begin with the prefix sulf-, targeting bacterial infections.
Cephalosporins have prefixes -cef or ceph-, used for broader bacterial coverage.
Penicillins include the suffix -cillin, well-known for their antibacterial properties.
Aminoglycosides and macrolides are identifiable with the suffix -mycin, effective against certain bacterial strains.
Fluoroquinolones have the suffix -floxacin, used in treating acute bacterial infections.

Antivirals that disrupt viral maturation are marked with the suffix -virimat.
A general category of antivirals use the prefix vir-, indicating their action against viral infection.
Neuraminidase inhibitors are recognized by the suffix -amivir, aiding in flu treatment.
Acyclovir-related antivirals end in -cyclovir, primarily used for herpes viruses.
HIV protease inhibitors have the suffix -navir, targeting HIV replication.
Medications for HIV/AIDS typically include -vudine as a suffix, addressing viral suppression.

Antifungal agents are commonly identified with the suffix -azole, used to treat fungal infections.

Local anesthetics are characterized by the suffix -caine, blocking nerve signals in specific areas.
Barbiturates, a class of CNS depressants, typically end with -barbital, inducing sedation.
Benzodiazepines for anxiety and sedation include -zolam and -zepam as common suffixes.

Oral hypoglycemics may have endings like -ide, -tide, or -linide, managing blood sugar levels.
DPP-4 enzyme inhibitors are known by the suffix -gliptin, involved in glycemic control.
Thiazolidinediones have the suffix -glitazone, utilized for type 2 diabetes management.

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, crucial in cholesterol management, are identified by the suffix -statin.

Anticoagulants targeting Factor Xa are recognized by -xaban.
Dicumarol type anticoagulants end with -arol; hirudin type anticoagulants use -irudin.
Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) products are marked with -parin.
Thrombolytics, also known as clot-busters, often end with -teplase or -ase.
Antiarrhythmics commonly feature the suffix -arone.

Opioids used for pain relief are found with -done or -one.
NSAIDs for anti-inflammatory effects typically end with -olac or -profen.
Salicylates include Aspirin (ASA), while nonsalicylates reference Acetaminophen.

Histamine H2 antagonists, used for gastric acid reduction, have the suffix -tidine or -dine.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), effective in treating GERD, are recognized by suffix -prazole.
Laxatives typically end with -lax.

SSRIs are identified with -oxetine and -talopram; additional formats include -zodone.
SNRIs/DNRIs commonly feature -faxine or -nacipram.
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) usually end with -triptyline or -pramine.

Corticosteroids are often suffixed with -asone, -olone, or -inide.
Triptans and ergotamines for migraine treatment include suffixes -triptan and ergot- respectively.
Antiseptics frequently end with -chloro, while anti-tuberculars begin with rifa-.
Bisphosphonates are noted by the suffix -dronate.
Neuromuscular blockers end with -nuim; retinoids feature tretin-.
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors are marked with -afil, while carbonic anhydrase inhibitors feature -lamide.
Progestins for female hormone therapy generally end with -trel.
Atypical antipsychotics often include -ridone.

Second-generation antihistamines, known as H1 antagonists, feature suffixes -adine, -tirizine, and -ticine.
Nasal decongestants typically end with -ephrine or -zoline.

Beta2-agonists, serving as bronchodilators, are marked with the suffix -terol.
Xanthine derivatives are identifiable by the suffix -phylline.
Cholinergic blockers can feature -tropium or -clindidiun.
Immunomodulators and leukotriene modifiers include -zumab and -lukast.