Pharmacology: Anti-infectives & Penicillin

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What is the drug of choice for prophylaxis in non-allergic patients with a history of RHD?

Oxacillin

Penicillinase-resistant penicillin

Penicillin V

Penicillin G (correct)

What is the major adverse reaction to penicillin?

Nausea and vomiting

Tongue inflammation

Hypersensitivity reactions (correct)

Diarrhea

What is the indication for using Penicillin V?

Treatment of bacterial endocarditis

Treatment of sexually transmitted diseases

Dental situations when an oral narrow spectrum antibiotic is indicated (correct)

Prophylaxis in non-allergic patients with a history of RHD

What is the characteristic of Penicillin G?

Poorly absorbed orally Signup and view all the answers

Which type of penicillin is used against penicillinase-resistant staphylococci?

Penicillinase-resistant penicillin Signup and view all the answers

What is the adverse reaction associated with Oxacillin?

Liver toxicity Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Ampicillin when administered with food?

Decreased absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the combination of antibiotics used for high-risk cardiac patients?

Ampicillin + Gentamycin Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is a good alternative to penicillin?

Erythromycin Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose of Erythromycin for prophylaxis of patients with RHD?

1gm 1 hr before dental appointment, followed by 500 mg in 6 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication of Carbenicillin-like agents?

For treating infections caused by Pseudomonas and E.Coli strains Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose of Child prophylactic of anti-infectives?

10mg/kg Signup and view all the answers

What is the adverse reaction of Clindamycin?

PMC, superinfection, and osteomyelitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Tetracycline?

Interferes with synthesis of bacterial protein Signup and view all the answers

Why should Tetracycline not be used during the last half of pregnancy?

It may affect the fetus's tooth formation Signup and view all the answers

What happens when Tetracycline is administered to infants between 2 months to 8 years old?

It may cause permanent discoloration of the teeth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following Tetracycline has a unique property of entering the brain in the absence of inflammation?

Minocycline Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is preferred for treating infections in renally compromised patients?

Doxycycline Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of cephalosporins?

Inhibition of cell wall synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following adverse reactions is associated with tetracycline?

Photosensitivity reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for administering cephalosporins parenterally?

Because they are not absorbed from the GI tract Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use of doxycycline in low dosages?

Treating acne Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential interaction of tetracycline with other medications?

Reduced efficacy of oral contraceptives Signup and view all the answers