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Questions and Answers
Why is Meperidine considered better than morphine for treating myocardial infarction with bradycardia?
Why is Meperidine considered better than morphine for treating myocardial infarction with bradycardia?
- It increases heart rate.
- It has a vagal stimulant action.
- It does not have a vagal stimulant action. (correct)
- It reduces blood pressure more effectively.
What specific action of Meperidine makes it useful in biliary and renal colic?
What specific action of Meperidine makes it useful in biliary and renal colic?
- Vasoconstrictive property
- Vagal inhibitory action
- Anticholinergic effect
- Atropine spasmolytic action (correct)
What is the main therapeutic use of Methadone?
What is the main therapeutic use of Methadone?
- Detoxification and maintenance for opioid addicts (correct)
- Pre-anesthetic medication
- Acute opioid toxicity management
- Treatment of chronic pain
Why should Meperidine not be used for more than 48 hours?
Why should Meperidine not be used for more than 48 hours?
Which side effect of Meperidine is most similar to atropine?
Which side effect of Meperidine is most similar to atropine?
Which pure opioid antagonist is orally administered and long-acting?
Which pure opioid antagonist is orally administered and long-acting?
What is the primary use of Naloxone?
What is the primary use of Naloxone?
What therapeutic role does Naloxone play in asphyxia neonatorum?
What therapeutic role does Naloxone play in asphyxia neonatorum?
In the context of opioid addiction, what is an advantage of using Buprenorphine over Methadone?
In the context of opioid addiction, what is an advantage of using Buprenorphine over Methadone?
Why is Meperidine preferred over morphine as a pre-anesthetic medication?
Why is Meperidine preferred over morphine as a pre-anesthetic medication?
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Study Notes
Therapeutic Uses of Meperidine
- Used for severe visceral pain, especially myocardial infarction with bradycardia, as it lacks vagal stimulant action, making it a better choice than morphine
- Effective in biliary and renal colic when used alone, due to its atropine-like spasmolytic action
- Used as pre-anesthetic medication, preferred over morphine
- Used in obstetric analgesia, as it doesn't delay labor and doesn't have a spasmogenic effect on the uterus, reducing the risk of asphyxia neonatorum
Meperidine Side Effects
- Causes atropine-like effects, including dry mouth and blurred vision
- High doses or use in renal failure can lead to accumulation of toxic norpethidine, causing adverse effects
- Not recommended for use beyond 48 hours, and contraindicated in renal failure patients
Methadone
- Used for treatment of opioid addicts, for detoxification and maintenance
- Orally active and long-acting, making it a suitable substitute for morphine or heroin in addicts during withdrawal
Buprenorphine
- Used as a sublingual alternative to methadone for treatment of opioid addicts
- Has a long-acting effect and slowly dissociates from receptors, making it a suitable option
Pure Opioid Antagonists
Naloxone
- Administered via IV, with a short-acting effect
- Used for management of acute opioid toxicity
- Repeated doses may be necessary to avoid relapse into coma, as its duration of action is shorter than that of opioids
- Also used to stimulate respiration in opioid-induced respiratory depression in newborns (asphyxia neonatorum)
Naltrexone
- Administered orally, with a long-acting effect
- Used for maintenance therapy in opioid addicts, blocking the euphoric effects of opioids and reducing the desire to take drugs
- Also used to treat opioid abuse, alcohol abuse, and to prevent relapse in chronic alcoholics
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