Podcast
Questions and Answers
What solution can the nurse use for IV administration of Depakote?
What solution can the nurse use for IV administration of Depakote?
- 5% dextrose
- 0.9% sodium chloride (correct)
- Lactated Ringer's solution
- 10% potassium chloride
How long is IV infusion of Depakote recommended to occur over?
How long is IV infusion of Depakote recommended to occur over?
- 2 hours
- 30 minutes
- 45 minutes
- 1 hour (correct)
For how long is IV administration permissible for Depakote?
For how long is IV administration permissible for Depakote?
- 7 days
- 14 days (correct)
- 21 days
- 30 days
How should Depakote ER be administered to children?
How should Depakote ER be administered to children?
What is indicative that the therapeutic effects of valproate have been attained?
What is indicative that the therapeutic effects of valproate have been attained?
What should the nurse assess the patient for signs and symptoms of?
What should the nurse assess the patient for signs and symptoms of?
What should the nurse routinely assess the patient’s liver function tests for?
What should the nurse routinely assess the patient’s liver function tests for?
Which herb decreases the effect of Depakote?
Which herb decreases the effect of Depakote?
Which medication's serum levels may increase when combined with valproate?
Which medication's serum levels may increase when combined with valproate?
What is a contraindication to valproate?
What is a contraindication to valproate?
What is the half-life of carbamazepine?
What is the half-life of carbamazepine?
How is carbamazepine primarily excreted from the body?
How is carbamazepine primarily excreted from the body?
What effect does carbamazepine have on liver enzymes?
What effect does carbamazepine have on liver enzymes?
How does carbamazepine affect sodium channels within the cortical neurons?
How does carbamazepine affect sodium channels within the cortical neurons?
What is the onset of action for the regular oral preparation of carbamazepine?
What is the onset of action for the regular oral preparation of carbamazepine?
How does carbamazepine's antiepileptic activity relate to polysynaptic responses?
How does carbamazepine's antiepileptic activity relate to polysynaptic responses?
What is the primary route of administration for carbamazepine?
What is the primary route of administration for carbamazepine?
What is the mechanism of action of carbamazepine?
What is the mechanism of action of carbamazepine?
What effect does carbamazepine have on posttetanic potentiation?
What effect does carbamazepine have on posttetanic potentiation?
How does carbamazepine's onset of action in the oral suspension compare to the regular oral preparation?
How does carbamazepine's onset of action in the oral suspension compare to the regular oral preparation?
What is the onset of action for regular oral preparation of carbamazepine?
What is the onset of action for regular oral preparation of carbamazepine?
How is carbamazepine metabolized in the body?
How is carbamazepine metabolized in the body?
What does carbamazepine induce in the body?
What does carbamazepine induce in the body?
What is the half-life of carbamazepine?
What is the half-life of carbamazepine?
How does carbamazepine affect sodium channels within the cortical neurons?
How does carbamazepine affect sodium channels within the cortical neurons?
What is the mechanism of action of carbamazepine believed to be related to?
What is the mechanism of action of carbamazepine believed to be related to?
What is the variability of the half-life of carbamazepine related to?
What is the variability of the half-life of carbamazepine related to?
Where is carbamazepine excreted in the body?
Where is carbamazepine excreted in the body?
What is the peak time for the oral suspension preparation of carbamazepine?
What is the peak time for the oral suspension preparation of carbamazepine?
How does carbamazepine decrease the action potential of the cell?
How does carbamazepine decrease the action potential of the cell?
Which adverse effect is associated with carbamazepine use?
Which adverse effect is associated with carbamazepine use?
What is a contraindication for carbamazepine use?
What is a contraindication for carbamazepine use?
What is a life-threatening adverse effect of valproate?
What is a life-threatening adverse effect of valproate?
Which condition warrants caution when administering valproate?
Which condition warrants caution when administering valproate?
What should be monitored in older adults taking carbamazepine?
What should be monitored in older adults taking carbamazepine?
Which medication may interact with carbamazepine, affecting its effects?
Which medication may interact with carbamazepine, affecting its effects?
What is a BLACK BOX WARNING for valproate?
What is a BLACK BOX WARNING for valproate?
What should be included in patient teaching for carbamazepine?
What should be included in patient teaching for carbamazepine?
What is synthesized from valeric acid found in the herb valerian?
What is synthesized from valeric acid found in the herb valerian?
What should be adjusted slowly in the elderly when administering valproate?
What should be adjusted slowly in the elderly when administering valproate?
Which medication is used to prevent partial seizures with complex symptoms, generalized tonic–clonic and mixed seizures, and uncontrolled seizures or CNS depression on other AEDs?
Which medication is used to prevent partial seizures with complex symptoms, generalized tonic–clonic and mixed seizures, and uncontrolled seizures or CNS depression on other AEDs?
What is a serious adverse effect of carbamazepine?
What is a serious adverse effect of carbamazepine?
Which medication has BLACK BOX WARNINGS for discontinuation at signs of pancreatitis, teratogenicity, and checking for signs of bleeding or bruising?
Which medication has BLACK BOX WARNINGS for discontinuation at signs of pancreatitis, teratogenicity, and checking for signs of bleeding or bruising?
What is a cautionary consideration when administering valproate?
What is a cautionary consideration when administering valproate?
Which adverse effect is associated with carbamazepine use in older adults?
Which adverse effect is associated with carbamazepine use in older adults?
What are the contraindications for carbamazepine?
What are the contraindications for carbamazepine?
Which medication interacts with warfarin and Ginkgo biloba, affecting its effects?
Which medication interacts with warfarin and Ginkgo biloba, affecting its effects?
What is an adverse effect of valproate related to bleeding?
What is an adverse effect of valproate related to bleeding?
What is a significant adverse effect of valproate related to the liver?
What is a significant adverse effect of valproate related to the liver?
What should be considered when administering valproate to the elderly?
What should be considered when administering valproate to the elderly?
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Study Notes
Antiepileptic Drugs: Carbamazepine and Valproate
- Carbamazepine is used to prevent partial seizures with complex symptoms, generalized tonic–clonic and mixed seizures, and uncontrolled seizures or CNS depression on other AEDs
- It may result in increased sedation and confusion in older adults
- Caution is necessary in patients with renal or hepatic impairment due to potential adverse effects, including hepatic cellular necrosis
- Serious adverse effects of carbamazepine include aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, heart block, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, respiratory depression, hepatitis, and suicidal ideation
- Contraindications for carbamazepine include hypersensitivity reactions, use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and history of certain conditions
- Some medications interact with carbamazepine, affecting its effects, such as warfarin and Ginkgo biloba
- Administration guidelines for carbamazepine include precautions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, extended-release tablets, and suspension, and monitoring for therapeutic and adverse effects
- Patient teaching for carbamazepine includes taking the medication with food, avoiding abrupt discontinuation, and reporting symptoms of concern
- Valproate is synthesized from valeric acid found in the herb valerian and is used for simple and complex absence seizures, as well as seizures related to Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
- Caution is necessary in renal or hepatic impairment when administering valproate, and the dosage should be adjusted slowly in the elderly
- Life-threatening adverse effects of valproate include pancreatitis and hepatic failure, with other significant adverse effects including altered bleeding time, thrombocytopenia, and CNS effects
- FDA has issued BLACK BOX WARNINGS for valproate, including discontinuation at signs of pancreatitis, teratogenicity, and checking for signs of bleeding or bruising
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