Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Pharmacogenetics Key Points

What is the process by which cells carry a drug across their membrane by engulfing the drug particles in a vesicle?

Which type of drugs can pass rapidly through the mucous membrane of the GI tract?

What is the term for the movement of the drug from the circulation to body tissues?

What is the primary site of drug metabolism in the body?

Which condition adversely affects glomerular filtration?

What is the study of the effects of drugs on the body?

What refers to the amount of drug needed to elicit a specific physiologic response to a drug?

What is the term for the time it takes for a drug in the body to be reduced by half?

What is a compound that is metabolized into an active pharmacologic substance?

What does the therapeutic index describe?

What allows therapeutic effects to be obtained while a steady state is reached?

What are common tests used to determine renal function?

Which phase describes the movement of the drug through the body after administration?

What is the process known as when a drug in solid form disintegrates into small particles and combines with a liquid to form a solution?

How does absorption across the mucosal lining of the small intestine occur?

Which process involves drugs moving across the cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration?

What is required for active absorption to move the drug against a concentration gradient?

Which phase is composed of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes?

What is the movement of the drug into the bloodstream after administration called?

What does facilitated diffusion rely on to move the drug from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?

What is required for active transport to move the drug against a concentration gradient?

In which phase does drug distribution occur?

What enables drugs taken orally to be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream?

What are the processes involved in the pharmacokinetic phase?

Which term refers to the time it takes for a drug to reach the minimum effective concentration (MEC) after administration?

What is the term used for drugs that affect multiple receptor sites?

What is the term for a skin reaction caused by exposure to sunlight as a result of drug interaction?

In pharmacokinetic interactions, what types of changes occur in one or more drugs?

What causes an individual with drug tolerance to require a higher dosage of drug to achieve the same therapeutic response?

Which family do most receptors, which are protein in nature, belong to?

What is the term for drugs that elicit only moderate activity when binding to receptors and also prevent receptor activation by other drugs?

What is the term for unintentional, unexpected reactions to drug therapy that occur at normal drug dosages?

What is the name for the changes that occur in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of one or more drugs due to interaction with other drugs?

Which term refers to a decreased responsiveness to a drug over the course of therapy?

What do drugs that activate receptors and produce a desired response called?