IV Anesthetics PPT 1 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements about sedatives is correct?

  • Sedatives reduce anxiety.
  • Sedatives induce hypnosis or sleep.
  • Sedatives induce a state of calm or sleep. (correct)
  • Sedatives increase anxiety.

    • What is the chemical structure of propofol?

  • 2,6-diisopropyl phenol (correct)
  • 10% soybean oil
  • 1.2% purified egg
  • 2.25% glycerol

    • What is the mechanism of action of propofol?

  • Drug-induced spinal cord depression.
  • Potentiation at glycine receptors.
  • Immobilization caused by spinal cord depression.
  • Selective modulator of GABAA receptors. (correct)

    • Which drug is associated with a significant decrease in intraocular pressure?

    <p>Propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug does not alter tests of coagulation or platelet function?

    <p>Thiopental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug has been observed to cause anaphylaxis on first exposure, especially in patients with a history of other allergies?

    <p>Propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is a selective modulator of GABAA receptors?

    <p>Etomidate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about diazepam is true?

    <p>Diazepam is metabolized by hepatic microsomal enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timeframe for administering diazepam before surgery?

    <p>20 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the protein binding characteristic of diazepam?

    <p>High degree of protein binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of benzodiazepines?

    <p>High lipid solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a side effect of chronic administration of benzodiazepines?

    <p>Fatigue and drowsiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs exert synergistic sedative effects with benzodiazepines?

    <p>Opioids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the pharmacokinetics of midazolam?

    <p>Metabolized by CYP3A4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about propofol pharmacokinetics?

    <p>Propofol is primarily eliminated through the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which population requires a lower induction dose of propofol?

    <p>Elderly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical concentration of propofol in the blood for conscious sedation?

    <p>2 to 6 µg/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of propofol on cerebral blood flow?

    <p>Decreases cerebral blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of etomidate metabolism?

    <p>Rapidly metabolized by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester side chain to its carboxylic acid ester</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a side effect of etomidate on the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Minimal changes in heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of etomidate's effect on ventilation?

    <p>Depressant effects on ventilation are less than barbiturates and propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a principal pharmacologic effect of benzodiazepines?

    <p>Anxiolysis, sedation, anticonvulsant, and spinal cord-mediated skeletal muscle relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is a prodrug that has a risk of infection, pain on injection, hypertriglyceridemia, and pulmonary embolism?

    <p>Fospropofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical structure of propofol?

    <p>2,6-diisopropyl phenol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is a low-lipid emulsion that does not require a preservative but has a higher pain on injection?

    <p>Ampofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the elimination half-time of diazepam in healthy volunteers?

    <p>It ranges from 21 to 37 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the protein binding characteristic of diazepam?

    <p>It has a high degree of protein binding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timeframe for administering diazepam before surgery?

    <p>20 minutes before surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is associated with a high incidence of pain on injection?

    <p>Propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is chemically unrelated to any other drug used for IV induction?

    <p>Etomidate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug has been observed to cause bradycardia and asystole in healthy adult patients, even with anticholinergic prophylaxis?

    <p>Thiopental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is a potent antioxidant and has neuroprotective effects related to its antioxidant properties?

    <p>Propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors contributes to the differences in onset and duration among benzodiazepines?

    <p>Pharmacokinetics (uptake, distribution, metabolism and elimination)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs exerts synergistic sedative effects with benzodiazepines?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a side effect of chronic administration of benzodiazepines?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs has a water-soluble form that is stable in aqueous solution and rapidly metabolized?

    <p>Midazolam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a side effect of etomidate on the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Minimal changes in blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about etomidate's effect on ventilation?

    <p>It stimulates ventilation independent of medullary centers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a principal pharmacologic effect of benzodiazepines?

    <p>Anxiolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines?

    <p>Enhancement of GABA affinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of diazepam's protein binding?

    <p>It has a high degree of protein binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the elimination half-time of diazepam in healthy volunteers?

    <p>21 to 37 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timeframe for administering diazepam before surgery?

    <p>20 minutes before surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is a low-lipid emulsion that does not require preservative but has higher pain on injection?

    <p>Ampofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk associated with mixing lidocaine and propofol?

    <p>Risk of droplets formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of propofol?

    <p>Selective modulator of GABAA receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is associated with a high incidence of pain on injection?

    <p>Propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs does not alter tests of coagulation or platelet function?

    <p>Thiopental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is a potent antioxidant and has neuroprotective effects related to its antioxidant properties?

    <p>Propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is associated with a significant decrease in intraocular pressure?

    <p>Propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors contributes to the differences in onset and duration among benzodiazepines?

    <p>Pharmacokinetics (uptake, distribution, metabolism and elimination)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a side effect of chronic administration of benzodiazepines?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug has a water-soluble form that is stable in aqueous solution and rapidly metabolized?

    <p>Midazolam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of etomidate's effect on the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Etomidate causes minimal changes in heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a side effect of chronic administration of benzodiazepines?

    <p>Tolerance and potential for abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal limiting aspect of etomidate's use?

    <p>Its effect on adrenocortical function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a pharmacologic effect of benzodiazepines?

    <p>Anterograde amnesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

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