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Pharmacognosy II Lecture 8 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the constituents of Gentian root?

Seco-iridoid bitter principles, alkaloids, and essential oils

Alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids

Bitter principles, essential oils, and sugar constituents

Seco-iridoid bitter principles, bitter principles, and sugar constituents (correct)

What changes occur during the fermentation of Gentian root?

Color changes from brown to black, odor becomes floral, and taste becomes spicy

Color changes from white to yellowish brown, odor changes from odorless to distinctive characteristic odor, and taste becomes pleasant sweet then becomes bitter (correct)

Color changes from yellow to white, odor becomes more intense, and taste becomes more bitter

Color changes from yellowish brown to green, odor becomes odorless, and taste becomes sour

What is the mechanism of action of bitters like Gentian root?

Promotes saliva production but inhibits bile production, slows down gastric emptying, and reduces appetite

Stimulates appetite and digestion via a general stimulation of the digestive juices, promotes production of saliva, gastric juices and bile, and accelerates the emptying of the stomach (correct)

Stimulates appetite but inhibits digestion by reducing bile production, increases stomach acidity, and slows down gastric emptying

Inhibits appetite and digestion by reducing the production of digestive juices, slows down gastric emptying, and reduces saliva production

What are the constituents of Rhizoma Rhei?

<p>Anthraquinone glycosides</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Gentian root?

<p>It is used as a bitter tonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gentian Root

Constituents of Gentian root include glycosides (gentiopicroside, gentisin, and trigonelline), alkaloids (gentianine and gentianidine), and bitter principles (secoiridoid glycosides)

Fermentation of Gentian Root

During fermentation, the glycosides are broken down into aglycones, which increases the bitterness of the root
This process enhances the bioavailability and absorption of the active compounds

Mechanism of Action of Bitters like Gentian Root

Bitters like Gentian root stimulate bitter taste receptors on the tongue, activating the digestive system and increasing saliva production
This, in turn, stimulates the release of digestive enzymes, gastric acid, and bile, improving digestion and nutrient absorption

Rhizoma Rhei (Rhubarb Root)

Constituents of Rhizoma Rhei include anthraquinone glycosides (sennosides), flavonoids, and polyphenols
Rhizoma Rhei is used as a laxative and for its anti-inflammatory properties

Primary Use of Gentian Root

Gentian root is primarily used as a digestive stimulant, appetite stimulant, and to relieve indigestion and flatulence

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Description

Test your knowledge of subterranean organs and the botanical origin and constituents of radix gentianae in Pharmacognosy II. Learn about the dried fermented root and rhizome of Gentiana lutea and its bitter principles.