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Questions and Answers
Which type of leaf is characterized by an odd number of leaflets?
Which type of leaf is characterized by an odd number of leaflets?
What term describes a leaf apex that is characterized as being notched?
What term describes a leaf apex that is characterized as being notched?
Which lamina margin type is defined by a wavy edge?
Which lamina margin type is defined by a wavy edge?
What type of leaf would most likely have a symmetrical base?
What type of leaf would most likely have a symmetrical base?
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Which term describes the pattern of vein arrangement in a leaf characterized by branching?
Which term describes the pattern of vein arrangement in a leaf characterized by branching?
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Which type of starch has pyramidal shapes and visible distinct eccentric hilum points?
Which type of starch has pyramidal shapes and visible distinct eccentric hilum points?
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What is the function of the diaphragm in an optical microscope?
What is the function of the diaphragm in an optical microscope?
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Which form of calcium oxalate crystals is characterized by needle shape?
Which form of calcium oxalate crystals is characterized by needle shape?
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In which plant starch is the hilum invisible?
In which plant starch is the hilum invisible?
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What is the typical shape of potato starch granules?
What is the typical shape of potato starch granules?
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Which of the following statements about the striations of wheat starch is true?
Which of the following statements about the striations of wheat starch is true?
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What is the characteristic feature of maize starch in terms of hilum?
What is the characteristic feature of maize starch in terms of hilum?
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Which of the following is not a part of an optical microscope?
Which of the following is not a part of an optical microscope?
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Which type of stomata contains two subsidiary cells with their axes parallel to the ostiole?
Which type of stomata contains two subsidiary cells with their axes parallel to the ostiole?
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What is a distinguishing feature of non-glandular hairs compared to glandular hairs?
What is a distinguishing feature of non-glandular hairs compared to glandular hairs?
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Which sclereid type is characterized by a bright yellow appearance?
Which sclereid type is characterized by a bright yellow appearance?
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How many cells does Anisocytic stomata typically possess?
How many cells does Anisocytic stomata typically possess?
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Which type of trichome is primarily composed of collapsed cells?
Which type of trichome is primarily composed of collapsed cells?
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Which description best fits diacytic stomata?
Which description best fits diacytic stomata?
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Which type of hair consists of a unicellular stalk and a multicellular head?
Which type of hair consists of a unicellular stalk and a multicellular head?
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Which feature identifies the wood fiber of Quassia?
Which feature identifies the wood fiber of Quassia?
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What best describes Anomocytic stomata?
What best describes Anomocytic stomata?
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Which sclereid type typically has a faint yellow coloration?
Which sclereid type typically has a faint yellow coloration?
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Which is a characteristic feature of septate fibers?
Which is a characteristic feature of septate fibers?
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Which type of phloem fiber is specifically referenced with tapering ends?
Which type of phloem fiber is specifically referenced with tapering ends?
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Which trichome type is characterized by a multicellular structure and is branched at many points?
Which trichome type is characterized by a multicellular structure and is branched at many points?
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What is a common feature of fibers within the phloem of cassia?
What is a common feature of fibers within the phloem of cassia?
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Study Notes
Dry Lab Exam Revision
- Exam is for Pharmacognosy, Alexandria University
- Topics include microscopy, starch, calcium oxalate crystals, plant anatomy (lignified elements, stomata, hairs), and leaf morphology.
Microscopy Parts
- Body Tube: The main tube of the microscope.
- Revolving Nosepiece: Holds the objective lenses.
- Objective Lens: Used for magnification.
- Eyepiece: The part you look through.
- Arm: Supports the microscope body.
- Stage: Holds the specimen.
- Stage Clips: Secure the specimen on the stage.
- Diaphragm: Controls the amount of light passing through the specimen.
- Light Source: Provides illumination.
- Coarse Adjustment Knob: Used for initial focusing.
- Fine Adjustment Knob: Used for precise focusing.
- Base: The bottom support of the microscope.
Starch
- Types of starch include potato, wheat, maize, and rice
- Different shapes for starch include: pyramidal, rounded, polyhedral (blunt/sharp edges).
- Different sizes for starch include: largest (potato), varying sizes (wheat/maize), smallest (rice).
- Different hilum shapes include: distinct, eccentric, visible, concentric, cleft, visible/faint
- Different striation features involve: presence/absence, distinct/faint,centric, concentric.
- Different aggregations include: simple, simple/few compound
- Images for each type of starch are included in the slides.
Calcium Oxalate Crystals
- Forms include prisms (sheath, styloid), needle (acicular, raphides), microcrystals (sandy crystals, Idioblast), and clusters. – Pictures associated with each form of crystallization are provided in the slides,
Plant Anatomy
- Lignified elements: Include sclereids (with and without crystals). Images are included in the slides along with their description
- Stomata: Different kinds of stomata include: paracytic, diacytic, anisocytic, and anomocytic
- Images of types of stomata are supplied with their description in the slides.
- Hairs: Glandular and non-glandular hairs. Images are included in the slides along with their description
Leaf Morphology
- Describes leaf parts: lamina margin, lamina base, apex, shape of lamina, types of leaves (simple, lobed, compound, pinnate, palmate), leaf apex (acute, acuminate, mucronate, emarginate, obtuse), lamina shape (lanceolate, elliptical, ovate, cordate, tubular, spatulate), lamina margin (entire, crenate, serrate, dentate), lamina base (symmetric, asymmetric, decurrent), venation (parallel, reticulate).
- Images of various leaf features are accompanied by their description in the slides
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Description
Prepare for your Pharmacognosy dry lab exam at Alexandria University by reviewing key topics like microscopy, starch types, and plant anatomy. This quiz will help you reinforce your understanding of microscopy components and the various shapes and types of starch. Get ready to excel in your revision!
