30 Questions
Which of the following is a cause of constipation?
Taking opioid medication
What is the main function of bulk-forming laxatives?
To absorb excess fluid from the stool
Which natural resource is commonly used as an osmotic laxative?
Fraxinus ornus (manna)
Which chemical constituents are responsible for the effect of stimulant laxatives?
Anthrones
What is the main function of stimulant laxatives?
Reducing transit time
Which natural resource is commonly used as a stimulant laxative?
Cassia Senna
What is the potential side effect of long-term use of stimulant laxatives?
Pseudomelanosis coli
Which group of medicinal products may enhance the loss of potassium when used concomitantly with the medication described in the text?
Diuretics
Why is the use of this medication contraindicated during pregnancy?
It may pose a genotoxic risk
What are the possible undesirable effects of this medication?
Hypersensitivity reactions and gastrointestinal disorders
What is the main pharmacodynamic effect of this medication?
Increase in the leakiness of the tight junctions in the colon
Which of the following is a pharmacodynamic effect of sennosides?
Increased leakiness of tight junctions
What happens to hydroxyanthracene derivatives in food when consumed at high doses?
They can cause genotoxicity
Which of the following is a possible side effect of Frangula alnus (Frangula)?
Colic
What is the recommended duration of use for aloe barbadensis (aloe)?
Not to be used for more than 1 week
Which of the following is a characteristic of bulk-forming laxatives?
They pass through the GI tract unchanged.
Which natural resource is commonly used as a bulk-forming laxative?
Linum usitatissimum (lini semen/linseed)
What is the main effect of osmotic laxatives?
They absorb fluid from the lumen.
Which of the following is a potential side effect of long-term use of stimulant laxatives?
Pseudomelanosis coli
What is the recommended duration of use for stimulant laxatives?
1 week
Which natural resource is commonly used as a stimulant laxative?
Cassia Senna (Senna fructus)
What is the main function of stimulant laxatives?
Increasing peristalsis of the colon
Which of the following is a possible side effect of aloe barbadensis (aloe)?
Hypokalaemia
What is the main pharmacokinetic property of sennosides?
They are excreted in bile
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of the medication described in the text?
Intestinal obstruction
What is the main mechanism of action of Frangula alnus (Frangula)?
Stimulation of the motility of the large intestine
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of long-term use of anthranoid-containing medicinal products?
Hypokalaemia
Which group of medicinal products may enhance the loss of potassium when used concomitantly with anthranoid-containing medicinal products?
Diuretics
Why is the use of anthranoid-containing medicinal products contraindicated during lactation?
They can pass into breast milk and harm the baby
What is the main pharmacodynamic effect of contact laxatives?
Inhibition of water and electrolyte absorption in the colon
Test your knowledge of the pharmacodynamic effects and mechanisms of action of contact laxatives. Learn about the discoloration of urine and the conversion of sennosides into active metabolites.
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