Pharmaceutics Terminologies

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What is the main difference between transdermal drug delivery and locally acting drugs?

Transdermal drug delivery delivers drugs to the systemic circulation, while locally acting drugs act directly on the skin. (correct)

Transdermal drug delivery involves diffusion through the skin, while locally acting drugs involve penetration into tissues.

Transdermal drug delivery is always regionally acting, while locally acting drugs are never regionally acting.

Transdermal drug delivery requires penetration into tissues, while locally acting drugs do not.

Which term describes the chemical species moving into or through the tissue?

Diffusion coefficient

Permeant (correct)

Permeation

Diffusivity

In drug delivery, diffusion refers to:

Movement of molecules through a domain by random molecular movement. (correct)

Movement of molecules from one tissue to another.

Movement of molecules from low concentration to high concentration.

Movement of molecules from the tissue to the membrane.

What is diffusivity a measure of in drug delivery?

The ability of the permeant to traverse through the tissue. Signup and view all the answers

Regionally acting drugs differ from locally acting drugs in that they:

Do not act directly on the skin or require penetration into tissues. Signup and view all the answers

What defines penetration in drug delivery?

Movement into the tissue without the need to pass out of it. Signup and view all the answers

What is the historical background of topical and transdermal formulations?

Dated back over 2000 years Signup and view all the answers

In England in 2014, how many prescription items were categorized under 'skin'?

Over 40 million Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of topical drug delivery?

To treat local disorders Signup and view all the answers

What are some products commonly dispensed alongside treatments for skin conditions?

Emollients and barrier preparations Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT affect the efficacy of topical and transdermal products?

Dosage form color Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of all repeat prescriptions do pharmacists account for in supplying topical and transdermal formulations?

Up to 20% Signup and view all the answers

What does the permeability coefficient (kp) describe?

The speed of permeant transport Signup and view all the answers

Which measure is used to describe the distribution of molecules between two phases?

Partition coefficient (P) Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of permeant crossing the skin known as?

Flux (J) Signup and view all the answers

Why is skin considered a challenging barrier for drug delivery?

Skin can be damaged by various factors Signup and view all the answers

What does trans-epidermal water loss depend on?

Skin condition Signup and view all the answers

In drug delivery, what does the vehicle refer to?

The formulation in which the drug is applied to the skin Signup and view all the answers