Pharmaceutical Science: Tablets
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Questions and Answers

What is a crucial aspect of a tablet's physical properties during handling?

  • Being chemically stable
  • Being acceptable to the patient
  • Having sufficient mechanical strength to withstand fracture (correct)
  • Being microbiologically stable

What type of tablet releases the drug rapidly after administration?

  • Delayed release tablets
  • Immediate release tablets (correct)
  • Prolonged release tablets
  • Modified release tablets

What affects the disintegration of disintegrating tablets?

  • Addition of absorption enhancers
  • Choice of disintegrant, type of diluent/filler and lubricant, and production conditions (correct)
  • Solubility of API
  • Type of API

What type of tablet is used for incompatible drugs?

<p>Multilayer tablet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the production of multilayer tablets?

<p>Uses repeated compression to form layers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can alter the absorption of a drug?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of disintegrants in effervescent tablets?

<p>To facilitate disintegration and dissolution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tablet is designed for pediatrics and geriatrics?

<p>Chewable tablet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using sorbitol, mannitol, and glucose as fillers in compressed lozenges?

<p>To contribute to a pleasant taste (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of sublingual and buccal tablets?

<p>They allow for rapid bioavailability without first-pass metabolism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of chewable tablets?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a binder in tablet formation?

<p>To hold the tablet ingredients together (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are effervescent tablets protected from moisture?

<p>To prevent the reaction between the carbonate/bicarbonate and weak acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a glidant in tablet formation?

<p>To reduce friction between the tablet material and the die wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a lubricant in tablet formation?

<p>To reduce friction between the tablet material and the die wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the pH in the mouth that affects sublingual and buccal tablets?

<p>It is relatively neutral (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of tablets in terms of drug administration?

<p>Enables accurate dosing of API (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for poor bioavailability of some drugs in tablets?

<p>Poorly water-soluble or poorly absorbable drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a glidant in tablet formulation?

<p>To reduce friction during tablet compression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a filler/diluent in tablet formulation?

<p>To increase the bulk volume of powder and size of tablet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of compacting tablets as a pharmaceutical dosage form?

<p>Convenient to handle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a desirable property of a filler/diluent?

<p>Biocompatibility and non-hygroscopic nature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of lactose as a filler/diluent?

<p>It is inexpensive and has a pleasant taste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a binder in tablet formulation?

<p>To hold the API particles together (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of lactose as a filler/diluent?

<p>It is intolerable to some individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using a patent for a hand-operated compression machine in 1843?

<p>To produce compacts of potassium bicarbonate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in tablet formulation?

<p>As a filler/diluent to increase the bulk volume of powder and size of tablet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of tablets in terms of API release?

<p>Uncontrolled release of the API (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a lubricant in tablet formulation?

<p>To reduce friction during tablet ejection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)?

<p>It is prepared by hydrolysis of cellulose and then spray dried (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate?

<p>It is insoluble in water and non-hygroscopic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a disintegrant in tablet formulation?

<p>To break the tablet into fragments in the presence of a liquid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of binders in the formation of tablets?

<p>To ensure the formation of tablets with required mechanical strength (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following polymers is known for its improved adhesive properties?

<p>Polyvinypyrrolidone (PVP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of lubrication achieved by liquid paraffin?

<p>Fluid lubrication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concentration range of binders typically used in the formation of tablets?

<p>2-10% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of glidants in the formation of tablets?

<p>To improve the flowability of powder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of stearic acid and stearic acid salts on the bonding of particles in tablet formation?

<p>They interfere with the bonding of particles, producing soft tablets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lubricants in the formation of tablets?

<p>To ensure tablet formation and ejection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a dry binder?

<p>Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction to Tablets

  • Patent for a hand-operated compression machine granted in 1843
  • Tablets are solid preparations, each containing a single dose of one or more active ingredients, usually obtained by compressing uniform volumes of particles

Advantages of Tablets

  • Convenient for drug administration
  • Greater chemical and physical stability compared to liquid preparations
  • Enables accurate dosing of API
  • Convenient to handle
  • Can be mass-produced cheaply, giving elegant preparations of consistent quality

Disadvantages of Tablets

  • Poor bioavailability of poorly water-soluble or poorly absorbable drugs
  • Local irritation caused by some API/harm to the GIT mucosa

Desired Attributes of Tablets

  • Include the correct dose of the API
  • Appearance should be elegant
  • Weight, size, and appearance should be consistent
  • Release of the API should be controlled and reproducible
  • Should be biocompatible (not harm patients)
  • Must have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand fracture and erosion during handling
  • Must be chemically, physically, and microbiologically stable throughout the shelf-life
  • Must be acceptable to the patient
  • Must be packed in a safe manner

Classification of Tablets

  • Immediate release tablets: released rapidly after administration
  • Modified release tablets: swallowed intact, required when a rapid onset is not desirable
  • Disintegrating tablets: time to release drug is short, disintegration followed by drug dissolution and absorption
  • Chewable tablets: mechanically disintegrate in the mouth, quick and complete disintegration in the mouth
  • Effervescent tablets: reaction of carbonate/bicarbonate and weak acid in water, liberates carbon dioxide, facilitates disintegration and dissolution
  • Compressed lozenges: drug dissolved in saliva, disintegrants are not used
  • Sublingual and buccal tablets: drug release and systemic uptake in the mouth, rapid bioavailability without first-pass metabolism

Excipients

  • Filler/diluent: increases bulk volume of powder and size of tablet
  • Disintegrant: breaks tablet into fragments in the presence of a liquid, promotes dissolution
  • Binder: ensures formation of tablets with required mechanical strength
  • Glidant: improves flowability of powder
  • Lubricant: ensures tablet formation and ejection, reduces friction between die wall and the solid
  • Antiadherent: prevents sticking of tablet to die wall

Filler/Diluent

  • Should weigh ± 50 mg – suitable for handling
  • Low dose/potent require substance to increase bulk volume of powder and size of tablet
  • Ideal properties: chemically inert, non-hygroscopic, biocompatible, good biopharmaceutical properties, good technical properties, acceptable taste, cheap
  • Examples: lactose, cellulose derivatives, sugars/sugar alcohols

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Assess your knowledge of tablets as a pharmaceutical dosage form, including their advantages, quality attributes, excipients, classification, and production mechanisms.

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