Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a crucial aspect of a tablet's physical properties during handling?
What is a crucial aspect of a tablet's physical properties during handling?
- Being chemically stable
- Being acceptable to the patient
- Having sufficient mechanical strength to withstand fracture (correct)
- Being microbiologically stable
What type of tablet releases the drug rapidly after administration?
What type of tablet releases the drug rapidly after administration?
- Delayed release tablets
- Immediate release tablets (correct)
- Prolonged release tablets
- Modified release tablets
What affects the disintegration of disintegrating tablets?
What affects the disintegration of disintegrating tablets?
- Addition of absorption enhancers
- Choice of disintegrant, type of diluent/filler and lubricant, and production conditions (correct)
- Solubility of API
- Type of API
What type of tablet is used for incompatible drugs?
What type of tablet is used for incompatible drugs?
What is unique about the production of multilayer tablets?
What is unique about the production of multilayer tablets?
What can alter the absorption of a drug?
What can alter the absorption of a drug?
What is the primary function of disintegrants in effervescent tablets?
What is the primary function of disintegrants in effervescent tablets?
What type of tablet is designed for pediatrics and geriatrics?
What type of tablet is designed for pediatrics and geriatrics?
What is the purpose of using sorbitol, mannitol, and glucose as fillers in compressed lozenges?
What is the purpose of using sorbitol, mannitol, and glucose as fillers in compressed lozenges?
What is the main advantage of sublingual and buccal tablets?
What is the main advantage of sublingual and buccal tablets?
What is a characteristic of chewable tablets?
What is a characteristic of chewable tablets?
What is the function of a binder in tablet formation?
What is the function of a binder in tablet formation?
Why are effervescent tablets protected from moisture?
Why are effervescent tablets protected from moisture?
What is the purpose of a glidant in tablet formation?
What is the purpose of a glidant in tablet formation?
What is the primary function of a lubricant in tablet formation?
What is the primary function of a lubricant in tablet formation?
What is the characteristic of the pH in the mouth that affects sublingual and buccal tablets?
What is the characteristic of the pH in the mouth that affects sublingual and buccal tablets?
What is the primary advantage of tablets in terms of drug administration?
What is the primary advantage of tablets in terms of drug administration?
What is the primary reason for poor bioavailability of some drugs in tablets?
What is the primary reason for poor bioavailability of some drugs in tablets?
What is the primary function of a glidant in tablet formulation?
What is the primary function of a glidant in tablet formulation?
What is the primary function of a filler/diluent in tablet formulation?
What is the primary function of a filler/diluent in tablet formulation?
What is the primary advantage of compacting tablets as a pharmaceutical dosage form?
What is the primary advantage of compacting tablets as a pharmaceutical dosage form?
What is a desirable property of a filler/diluent?
What is a desirable property of a filler/diluent?
What is the primary advantage of lactose as a filler/diluent?
What is the primary advantage of lactose as a filler/diluent?
What is the primary function of a binder in tablet formulation?
What is the primary function of a binder in tablet formulation?
What is a limitation of lactose as a filler/diluent?
What is a limitation of lactose as a filler/diluent?
What is the primary reason for using a patent for a hand-operated compression machine in 1843?
What is the primary reason for using a patent for a hand-operated compression machine in 1843?
What is the primary function of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in tablet formulation?
What is the primary function of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in tablet formulation?
What is the primary disadvantage of tablets in terms of API release?
What is the primary disadvantage of tablets in terms of API release?
What is the primary function of a lubricant in tablet formulation?
What is the primary function of a lubricant in tablet formulation?
What is a characteristic of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)?
What is a characteristic of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)?
What is a characteristic of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate?
What is a characteristic of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate?
What is the primary function of a disintegrant in tablet formulation?
What is the primary function of a disintegrant in tablet formulation?
What is the primary function of binders in the formation of tablets?
What is the primary function of binders in the formation of tablets?
Which of the following polymers is known for its improved adhesive properties?
Which of the following polymers is known for its improved adhesive properties?
What is the primary mechanism of lubrication achieved by liquid paraffin?
What is the primary mechanism of lubrication achieved by liquid paraffin?
What is the concentration range of binders typically used in the formation of tablets?
What is the concentration range of binders typically used in the formation of tablets?
What is the primary function of glidants in the formation of tablets?
What is the primary function of glidants in the formation of tablets?
What is the effect of stearic acid and stearic acid salts on the bonding of particles in tablet formation?
What is the effect of stearic acid and stearic acid salts on the bonding of particles in tablet formation?
What is the primary function of lubricants in the formation of tablets?
What is the primary function of lubricants in the formation of tablets?
Which of the following is an example of a dry binder?
Which of the following is an example of a dry binder?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Tablets
- Patent for a hand-operated compression machine granted in 1843
- Tablets are solid preparations, each containing a single dose of one or more active ingredients, usually obtained by compressing uniform volumes of particles
Advantages of Tablets
- Convenient for drug administration
- Greater chemical and physical stability compared to liquid preparations
- Enables accurate dosing of API
- Convenient to handle
- Can be mass-produced cheaply, giving elegant preparations of consistent quality
Disadvantages of Tablets
- Poor bioavailability of poorly water-soluble or poorly absorbable drugs
- Local irritation caused by some API/harm to the GIT mucosa
Desired Attributes of Tablets
- Include the correct dose of the API
- Appearance should be elegant
- Weight, size, and appearance should be consistent
- Release of the API should be controlled and reproducible
- Should be biocompatible (not harm patients)
- Must have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand fracture and erosion during handling
- Must be chemically, physically, and microbiologically stable throughout the shelf-life
- Must be acceptable to the patient
- Must be packed in a safe manner
Classification of Tablets
- Immediate release tablets: released rapidly after administration
- Modified release tablets: swallowed intact, required when a rapid onset is not desirable
- Disintegrating tablets: time to release drug is short, disintegration followed by drug dissolution and absorption
- Chewable tablets: mechanically disintegrate in the mouth, quick and complete disintegration in the mouth
- Effervescent tablets: reaction of carbonate/bicarbonate and weak acid in water, liberates carbon dioxide, facilitates disintegration and dissolution
- Compressed lozenges: drug dissolved in saliva, disintegrants are not used
- Sublingual and buccal tablets: drug release and systemic uptake in the mouth, rapid bioavailability without first-pass metabolism
Excipients
- Filler/diluent: increases bulk volume of powder and size of tablet
- Disintegrant: breaks tablet into fragments in the presence of a liquid, promotes dissolution
- Binder: ensures formation of tablets with required mechanical strength
- Glidant: improves flowability of powder
- Lubricant: ensures tablet formation and ejection, reduces friction between die wall and the solid
- Antiadherent: prevents sticking of tablet to die wall
Filler/Diluent
- Should weigh ± 50 mg – suitable for handling
- Low dose/potent require substance to increase bulk volume of powder and size of tablet
- Ideal properties: chemically inert, non-hygroscopic, biocompatible, good biopharmaceutical properties, good technical properties, acceptable taste, cheap
- Examples: lactose, cellulose derivatives, sugars/sugar alcohols
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