Pharmaceutical Science Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Who discovered Penicillin?

Karl Wilhelm Scheele

Aureolus Paracelsus

Friedrich Serturner

Alexander Fleming (correct)

Which pharmacist is known for isolating morphine from opium?

Aureolus Paracelsus

Jonathan Roberts

Friedrich Serturner (correct)

Karl Wilhelm Scheele

Which publisher is associated with the book 'Pharmaceutical Calculations'?

Lippincott

Churchill Livingstone Elsevier

McGraw-Hill

Wolters Kluwer Health (correct)

What is the primary focus of 'Aulton's Pharmaceutics'?

The Design and Manufacture of Medicines Signup and view all the answers

In what decade was Penicillin developed for practical use?

1940s Signup and view all the answers

Who authored 'The Merck Index'?

Maryadele J. O'Neil Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organic acids was discovered by Karl Wilhelm Scheele?

Citric acid Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist introduced chemical science from traditional botanical science?

Aureolus Paracelsus Signup and view all the answers

Which book focuses on Pharmaceutical Operations Management?

Pharmaceutical Operations Management; Manufacturing for Competitive Advantage Signup and view all the answers

What significant observation did Louis Pasteur make in 1877?

Antibiotic activities Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the 14th edition of 'The Merck Index' published?

2013 Signup and view all the answers

Which method was invented by Karl Wilhelm Scheele?

New methods of preparing calomel Signup and view all the answers

What class of organic substances did Friedrich Serturner recognize and prove the importance of?

Alkaloids Signup and view all the answers

Which schedule classifies drugs with no accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse?

Schedule I Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is classified as Schedule II?

Morphine Signup and view all the answers

What category indicates that animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus?

Category C Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the refilling of prescription drugs?

Refilling requires the consent of the prescriber. Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is classified as a Schedule III drug?

Hydrocodone Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following FDA Pregnancy Categories demonstrates no risk to the fetus during the first trimester?

Category A Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the DEA as mentioned in the context of drug regulation?

To enforce drug policy under the Department of Justice. Signup and view all the answers

Which schedule classifies drugs with accepted medical use but a low potential for abuse?

Schedule IV Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act of 1938?

It mandated the filing of a New Drug Application (NDA). Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment was initiated in response to the Thalidomide tragedy?

Kefauver-Harris Amendment Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Pure Food and Drug Act play in drug regulation?

It designated legal standards for medical and pharmaceutical substances. Signup and view all the answers

What classification did the Durham-Humphrey Amendment implement for drugs?

Rx only and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of the sulfanilamide incident?

Enactment of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a New Drug Application (NDA)?

To assure that products are safe for human use. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Kefauver-Harris Amendment require before filing an NDA?

Filing for Investigational New Drug (IND) status. Signup and view all the answers

Which drug was marketed as an OTC medication for sedation and later linked to serious health issues?

Thalidomide Signup and view all the answers

Which ancient civilization is noted for having practitioners who were both pharmacists and physicians?

Ancient Babylonia Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the 'Papyrus Ebers'?

It documented pharmaceutical recipes and medications. Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with investigating the medicinal value of herbs in ancient China?

Shen Nung Signup and view all the answers

What significant development in pharmacy occurred around 2600 B.C.?

The merging of the roles of priest, pharmacist, and physician. Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of the 'Papyrus Ebers' scroll?

60 feet Signup and view all the answers

What type of drugs does the term 'hemostatics' refer to?

Drugs that promote blood clotting Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a category of drugs?

Anxiolytics Signup and view all the answers

Which ancient document is the oldest known pharmaceutical record?

The Ebers Papyrus Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Drug Regulation and Control

Prescriber consent is required for refilling prescription drugs.
The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 establishes regulations on drugs of abuse, overseen by the DEA in the Department of Justice.
Controlled substances are classified into five schedules based on their medical use and potential for abuse.
Schedule I: High potential for abuse and no accepted medical use (e.g., heroin, LSD, marijuana).
Schedule II: Accepted medical use with high abuse potential, leading to psycho or physical dependence (e.g., morphine, cocaine, methamphetamine).
Schedule III: Medical use with less potential for abuse (e.g., codeine, hydrocodone).
Schedule IV: Accepted medical use with low potential for abuse (e.g., diazepam, diphenoxin).
Schedule V: Lowest potential for abuse with accepted medical use (e.g., dihydrocodeine, diphenoxylate).

FDA Pregnancy Categories

Category A: Well-controlled studies show no risk to the fetus during the first trimester (e.g., iron supplements, levothyroxine).
Category B: Animal studies show no risk, but no adequate studies in pregnant women.
Category C: Studies show adverse effects on the fetus in animals, with no adequate studies in humans.

Historical Context of Pharmacy

In the 1600s, manufacturing companies began emerging.
In the 1800s, significant research advancements occurred.
1877: Pasteur observed antibiotic activities.
1929: Fleming discovered penicillin, which was developed further by Florey and Chain in 1940.
Karl Wilhelm Scheele, a prominent chemist, discovered several organic acids and isolated glycerin.
Friedrich Serturner, a German pharmacist, isolated morphine from opium.

Regulatory Milestones

June 30, 1906: The Pure Food and Drug Act was signed into law, prohibiting misbranding and adulteration of food and drugs.
The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 requires a New Drug Application (NDA) to ensure product safety.
The Kefauver-Harris Amendment was enacted following the 1960 Thalidomide tragedy to ensure drug efficacy and safety.
The Durham-Humphrey Amendment of 1952 categorized drugs into prescriptions (“Rx only”) and over-the-counter (OTC).

Ancient Pharmacy

Ancient practitioners combined roles of healer, pharmacist, and physician, dating back to around 2600 B.C.
Shen Nung, an emperor in ancient China, studied the medicinal properties of numerous herbs.
The Ebers Papyrus, dating back to 1500 B.C., is a key pharmaceutical document with 800 prescriptions detailing 700 drugs.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key discoveries and publications in the field of pharmaceutical science. This quiz covers important figures such as the discoverer of Penicillin and the authorship of notable pharmaceutical texts. Challenge yourself with questions about the history and calculations that shape the industry.