Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Intro

What is the typical range of dimensions considered in pharmaceutical nanotechnology?

Between 1 and 1000 micrometers
Between 1 and 100 picometers
Between 1 and 100 millimeters
Between 1 and 100 nanometers (correct)

What is a unique property of nanoparticles compared to micro or macroparticles?

Larger size
Lower surface area
Difficult to sterilize
Easy to suspend in liquids (correct)

What is the effect of decreased particle size on the percentage of molecules on the surface monolayer?

It increases the percentage of molecules on the surface monolayer (correct)
It is dependent on the surface area
It decreases the percentage of molecules on the surface monolayer
It has no effect on the percentage of molecules on the surface monolayer

What is the result of increased surface area of nanoparticles?

Faster dissolution rate (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of nanoparticles in terms of sterilization?

They can be easily sterilized by filtration with a 0.22-μm filter (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increased contact area due to the small size of nanoparticles?

Stronger adhesion due to van der Waals attraction (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of surface modifiers in wet ball milling?

To prevent agglomeration through steric and/or electrostatic stabilization (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical size range of drug particles achieved through wet ball milling?

Less than 0.4 μm (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the milling chamber in the media milling process?

To process the crude slurry into a nanocrystalline dispersion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of operating the mill under refrigerated conditions?

To minimize thermal degradation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum drug concentration that can be milled using wet ball milling?

40% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the polymeric media in the media milling process?

To provide the milling energy (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why large microparticles settle out from suspension?

Because of gravity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using nanoparticles in drug delivery?

They can reach the subcellular level (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is size reduction of particles used for?

To prepare drug particles in the nanosize range (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is molecular agglomeration used for?

To form nanoparticle carriers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the viscosity of the liquid (η) related to?

The Stokes-Einstein equation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main requirement for a delivery system?

Ability to move freely and cross various barriers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the deposition percentage for 100-nm particles in inflamed colonic mucosa?

14.5% (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why are nanoparticles prone to aggregation?

Due to their large surface area to volume ratio (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the hydrodynamic size of particles when they aggregate?

It increases (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of PEGylation in nanoparticle formulation?

To reduce the aggregation of the particles (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why do particles below 1000 nm in size not settle easily?

Due to Brownian motion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of aggregation on the effective surface area of nanoparticles for interactions with receptors?

It reduces the effective surface area (C) Signup and view all the answers