Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the Roman numeral representation for the number 7?
What is the Roman numeral representation for the number 7?
- VI
- VIII
- V
- VII (correct)
Which of the following correctly represents the number 49 in Roman numerals?
Which of the following correctly represents the number 49 in Roman numerals?
- XLV
- IL
- XLIX (correct)
- LIX
The combination 'CMXC' is the Roman numeral for which Arabic number?
The combination 'CMXC' is the Roman numeral for which Arabic number?
- 1000
- 950
- 900
- 990 (correct)
Which of the following combinations is NOT an accepted subtractive notation in Roman numerals?
Which of the following combinations is NOT an accepted subtractive notation in Roman numerals?
What is the correct method to calculate the Roman numeral 'IV'?
What is the correct method to calculate the Roman numeral 'IV'?
Which Roman numeral representation is valid and utilizes the least number of letters?
Which Roman numeral representation is valid and utilizes the least number of letters?
What violation occurs with the Roman numeral representation 'VV'?
What violation occurs with the Roman numeral representation 'VV'?
If a lesser value numeral follows a greater value numeral, how is the total calculated?
If a lesser value numeral follows a greater value numeral, how is the total calculated?
What is the Arabic numeral for the Roman numeral 'CXLV'?
What is the Arabic numeral for the Roman numeral 'CXLV'?
In the operation IVIV, why is this representation not allowed?
In the operation IVIV, why is this representation not allowed?
Which Roman numeral correctly represents the value of 95?
Which Roman numeral correctly represents the value of 95?
When calculating the dose of medication for a child, what must be done first?
When calculating the dose of medication for a child, what must be done first?
How is the fraction 1/10 expressed as a decimal fraction?
How is the fraction 1/10 expressed as a decimal fraction?
Which of the following statements is true regarding Roman numerals?
Which of the following statements is true regarding Roman numerals?
What is the decimal representation of the fraction 45/100?
What is the decimal representation of the fraction 45/100?
What is a restriction placed on using fractions in calculations?
What is a restriction placed on using fractions in calculations?
How many significant numbers does the value 0.00456 contain?
How many significant numbers does the value 0.00456 contain?
What is the significance of trailing zeros in a decimal number?
What is the significance of trailing zeros in a decimal number?
In alligation medial, what does the method primarily determine?
In alligation medial, what does the method primarily determine?
Which scenario is appropriate for applying alligation alternate?
Which scenario is appropriate for applying alligation alternate?
How many significant figures does the number 100.0 contain?
How many significant figures does the number 100.0 contain?
How many fluid ounces are equivalent to 2.5 liters?
How many fluid ounces are equivalent to 2.5 liters?
How would you determine the total number of tablets taken over 4 days if a prescription orders 1 tablet four times daily?
How would you determine the total number of tablets taken over 4 days if a prescription orders 1 tablet four times daily?
If a medication calls for 10 drops per milliliter, what is the rate in drops per minute for an infusion of 1000 mL over 8 hours?
If a medication calls for 10 drops per milliliter, what is the rate in drops per minute for an infusion of 1000 mL over 8 hours?
If a prescription states to take one tablet of furosemide twice a day for seven days, how many tablets are required?
If a prescription states to take one tablet of furosemide twice a day for seven days, how many tablets are required?
What is the total number of tablets needed for a prescription of alprazolam taken three times a day for seven days?
What is the total number of tablets needed for a prescription of alprazolam taken three times a day for seven days?
How is significant figures defined in the context of a denominate number?
How is significant figures defined in the context of a denominate number?
When converting liters to milliliters, what is the factor used to perform this conversion?
When converting liters to milliliters, what is the factor used to perform this conversion?
In the computation for the dosage of metoprolol, how many tablets will be needed for a month if taken twice a day?
In the computation for the dosage of metoprolol, how many tablets will be needed for a month if taken twice a day?
What is the correct formula for finding a missing mean in a proportion?
What is the correct formula for finding a missing mean in a proportion?
In a scenario where 3 tablets contain 975 milligrams of aspirin, how much aspirin would 12 tablets contain?
In a scenario where 3 tablets contain 975 milligrams of aspirin, how much aspirin would 12 tablets contain?
If an insulin injection contains 100 units of insulin in each milliliter, how many milliliters are needed for a 40-unit dose?
If an insulin injection contains 100 units of insulin in each milliliter, how many milliliters are needed for a 40-unit dose?
What is the outcome of applying dimensional analysis to convert 0.5 mg prescribed for a patient if it is contained in a solution of 2 mg/mL?
What is the outcome of applying dimensional analysis to convert 0.5 mg prescribed for a patient if it is contained in a solution of 2 mg/mL?
What is the first step in performing dimensional analysis?
What is the first step in performing dimensional analysis?
In dimensional analysis, what is the purpose of inverting some ratios?
In dimensional analysis, what is the purpose of inverting some ratios?
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Study Notes
Pharmaceutical Calculations
- Focuses on applying mathematical principles in the preparation, administration, and outcomes of pharmaceuticals.
- Essential for ensuring safe and effective pharmaceutical practices.
Roman Numerals
- Used in the apothecary system to designate quantities on prescriptions.
- Conversion chart:
- I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500, M = 1000.
Adding and Subtracting Roman Numerals
- Lesser value following a greater value indicates addition (e.g., VI = 5 + 1).
- Lesser value preceding a greater value indicates subtraction (e.g., IX = 10 - 1).
- Accepted subtractive notations include IV, IX, XL, XC, CD, and CM.
Rules for Roman Numerals
- Least possible letters and operations should be used, avoiding unnecessary letters.
- Cannot repeat V, L, or D more than once (e.g., VV is incorrect; use X = 10).
- Distinct operations should be clear; ambiguous expressions should be avoided (e.g., IXL is unclear).
Common Fractions
- Represent portions of a whole, e.g., 1/3, 7/8.
- When performing operations, a common denominator is necessary.
- Converting fractions to decimals can simplify calculations.
Proportions
- Fundamental principle: "The product of the extremes equals the product of the means."
- Applied to find missing terms when three terms are known.
- Important to label units for correct ratio relationships.
Dimensional Analysis
- Involves using ratios (conversion factors) in an equation to solve measurement problems.
- Steps include identifying the given quantity, wanted unit, establishing the unit path, and calculating the answer.
Direct Method for Calculating Tablets
- Involves direct calculations of tablets based on prescription orders.
- Example problems illustrate application in daily medication regimens.
Significant Figures
- Key for accuracy in conveying the value of a number.
- All nonzero digits are significant; leading zeros are not.
- Trailing zeros in decimal numbers and zeros between significant figures are considered significant.
Alligation
- An arithmetic method for solving problems involving mixtures of components with different strengths.
- Alligation medial determines the strength of a common ingredient.
- Alligation alternate establishes proportions of components needed for a desired mixture strength.
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