PHAR3202 Neuropharmacology

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App

Questions and Answers

Which of the following neurotransmitters is paired with the protein marker tyrosine hydroxylase?

  • GABA
  • Glutamate
  • Acetylcholine
  • Dopamine (correct)

What is the primary way to classify drugs according to their neurotransmitter system?

  • By their chemical structure
  • By the transmitter system they act upon (correct)
  • By their side effects
  • By their mechanism of action

Which enzyme is involved in the synthesis of serotonin?

  • Tryptophan hydroxylase (correct)
  • Choline acetyltransferase
  • Tyrosine hydroxylase
  • Glutamic acid decarboxylase

What is the name of the receptor paired with the neurotransmitter glutamate?

<p>AMPA Receptor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following neurotransmitters is an amino acid?

<p>GABA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzyme involved in the synthesis of nitric oxide?

<p>Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of dopamine agonists in the treatment of Parkinson's disease?

<p>Stimulation of dopamine receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of CNS-acting drug is used to treat epilepsy?

<p>Sodium channel blockers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of neurotransmission is NOT a potential site of drug action?

<p>Synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of depression and anxiety?

<p>Inhibition of serotonin reuptake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following CNS-acting drugs can interfere with neurotransmission?

<p>Many commonly used CNS drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of dopamine antagonists in the treatment of schizophrenia?

<p>Blockade of dopamine receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of action of CNS-acting drugs?

<p>Central nervous system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following neurotransmitters is NOT classified as a biogenic amine?

<p>Glutamate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of reuptake in the process of chemical transmission?

<p>To remove excess neurotransmitters from the synapse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a diffusible mediator?

<p>Nitric oxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of receptor-induced increase or decrease in ionic conductance?

<p>To activate the postsynaptic neuron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a criterion for a chemical to be considered a neurotransmitter?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of metabolism in the process of chemical transmission?

<p>To break down neurotransmitters into smaller molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following neurotransmitters is an opioid?

<p>Endorphin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of retrograde signalling in the process of chemical transmission?

<p>To provide feedback to the presynaptic neuron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards are hidden until you start studying

Study Notes

Neuropharmacology

  • The lecture explores cellular and molecular sites of drug action in the CNS, the diversity of transmitters, and the process of neurotransmission.

Sites of drug action in the CNS

  • Receptors: dopamine agonists (Parkinson's Disease), dopamine antagonists (Schizophrenia)
  • Ion channels: sodium channel blockers (epilepsy)
  • Enzymes: acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (Alzheimer's Disease)
  • Transporter: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (depression/anxiety)

Types of receptors in CNS

  • Figure 3.1 shows an illustration of receptors in CNS
  • Figure 3.2 shows an illustration of receptors in CNS

Neuropharmacology – general principles

  • Drugs can act via regulating transmitter release, reuptake, metabolism, or act directly on neurotransmitter receptors
  • Many commonly used CNS drugs can interfere with neurotransmission
  • The precise mechanism of action of many therapeutically useful CNS drugs is unknown

Stages of neurotransmission

  • Action potential in presynaptic nerve
  • Synthesis of transmitter (increase, decrease, or enhance)
  • Storage
  • Metabolism
  • Release
  • Reuptake (nerve or glia)
  • Degradation
  • Receptor binding (activation, enhance, or inhibit activation)
  • Receptor-induced increase or decrease in ionic conductance
  • Retrograde signalling

Chemical transmission in CNS synapses

  • Criteria for transmitter:
    • Transmitter made/stored in vesicles
    • Transmitter released upon nerve stimulation
    • Action is terminated in some way
    • Exogenous application mimics effects of nerve stimulation

CNS Neurotransmitters

  • Biogenic Amines: serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, acetylcholine
  • Amino acids: GABA, glutamate
  • Peptides: opioids (endorphin), tachykinins (substance P), neuropeptide Y (NPY)
  • Purines: ATP, adenosine
  • Diffusible mediators: nitric oxide, carbon monoxide

Chemical transmission in the CNS

  • Critical features:
    • Release of transmitter
    • Activation of receptor(s)
    • Breakdown (enzyme) or removal of transmitter from the synapse
  • Note: there is much redundancy in transmitter functions, and many neurotransmitters may serve similar functions
  • Anatomic specificity: particular circuits have specific neurotransmitters

Key markers of neurotransmission

  • Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GABA)
  • Tyrosine hydroxylase (dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline)
  • Tryptophan hydroxylase (serotonin)
  • Choline acetyltransferase (acetylcholine)
  • Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nitric oxide)

Brain cell types

  • No specific information provided

Neuropharmacology – drug classification

  • Classification according to transmitter system (e.g. dopamine or acetylcholine)
  • Classification according to application or indication (e.g. antidepressant, antipsychotics, anxiolytics)

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

More Like This

neuropharmacology
12 questions

neuropharmacology

BalancedMoldavite6041 avatar
BalancedMoldavite6041
Neuropharmacology Chapters 14-20
117 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser