Petroleum Refining Catalytic Processes Quiz

Catalytic Processes in Petroleum Refining

• Pt or Pd supported on shape-selective zeolites, such as Faujasite, Modernite, and ZSM-5, are commonly used as catalysts for producing gasoline from S and N-free feeds.
• Injection of cold high pressure H2 between the fixed bed reactors in the hydrocracking process is to cool the product stream.
• Pt or Pt-Re supported on g-Al2O3 with a BET area of 200 m2/g is typically used as a catalyst for naphtha reforming.
• Hydrocracking is a process that combines cracking and hydrogenation to selectively crack polyaromatics to gasoline, diesel fuel, and jet fuel.
• The high pressure of hydrogen (80 - 200 atm) in hydrocracking causes high consumption of hydrogen and energy.
• Hydrocracking is typically processed in the temperature range of 290 - 525 °C.
• The presence of acid sites and metal sites in the catalyst helps in enhancing the selectivity of the reforming reactions.
• The main purposes of hydrocracking and catalytic reforming are to reduce the sulfur content in the feedstock and to convert heavy hydrocarbons into lighter, more valuable products such as gasoline.
• To minimize the formation of light gases and maximize the production of gasoline, suitable desulfurization and denitrification processes need to be implemented.
• The base metal oxides of Co, Mo, Ni or W are commonly used as catalysts for producing lubricants, diesel, and middle or heavy distillates.
• The primary purpose of naphtha reforming is to increase the octane number of the naphtha cut.
• The typical catalyst used for naphtha reforming is Pt or Pt-Re supported on g-Al2O3.