Petroleum Refining Catalytic Processes Quiz

Study Notes

Catalytic Processes in Petroleum Refining

Pt or Pd supported on shape-selective zeolites, such as Faujasite, Modernite, and ZSM-5, are commonly used as catalysts for producing gasoline from S and N-free feeds.
Injection of cold high pressure H2 between the fixed bed reactors in the hydrocracking process is to cool the product stream.
Pt or Pt-Re supported on g-Al2O3 with a BET area of 200 m2/g is typically used as a catalyst for naphtha reforming.
Hydrocracking is a process that combines cracking and hydrogenation to selectively crack polyaromatics to gasoline, diesel fuel, and jet fuel.
The high pressure of hydrogen (80 - 200 atm) in hydrocracking causes high consumption of hydrogen and energy.
Hydrocracking is typically processed in the temperature range of 290 - 525 °C.
The presence of acid sites and metal sites in the catalyst helps in enhancing the selectivity of the reforming reactions.
The main purposes of hydrocracking and catalytic reforming are to reduce the sulfur content in the feedstock and to convert heavy hydrocarbons into lighter, more valuable products such as gasoline.
To minimize the formation of light gases and maximize the production of gasoline, suitable desulfurization and denitrification processes need to be implemented.
The base metal oxides of Co, Mo, Ni or W are commonly used as catalysts for producing lubricants, diesel, and middle or heavy distillates.
The primary purpose of naphtha reforming is to increase the octane number of the naphtha cut.
The typical catalyst used for naphtha reforming is Pt or Pt-Re supported on g-Al2O3.