10 Questions
What is the main difference between the layers of petroleum oil and gas, and water?
Petroleum oil and gas are lighter than water
What is the primary use of petrol?
Running light automobiles such as motor cycles/scooters and cars
What is the source of petroleum?
Organisms living in the sea
What is the name of the process that separates various constituents of petroleum?
Refining
What is the primary fuel used in heavy motor vehicles?
Diesel
Where was the world’s first oil well drilled?
Pennsylvania, USA
What is the origin of the word 'petroleum'?
From Latin words for rock and oil
What are the constituents of petroleum?
Petroleum gas, petrol, diesel, lubricating oil, paraffin wax, etc.
Where was oil struck in India for the first time?
Assam
What is the characteristic of petroleum?
It has an unpleasant odour
Study Notes
Petroleum and Natural Gas Deposits
- Petroleum and natural gas deposits are found between layers of rock, with the oil layer above the water layer due to its lower density.
- The process of separating the various constituents of petroleum is known as refining, which is carried out in a petroleum refinery.
Uses of Petroleum and Natural Gas
- Petroleum is used as a fuel in vehicles and provides various useful substances such as detergents, fibers (polyester, nylon, acrylic, etc.), polythene, and other man-made plastics.
- Natural gas is used for power generation and is stored under high pressure as compressed natural gas (CNG).
- Hydrogen gas obtained from natural gas is used in the production of fertilizers (urea).
Formation of Petroleum
- Petroleum was formed from the dead remains of organisms living in the sea, which settled at the bottom of the sea and got covered with layers of sand and clay over millions of years.
- The process of formation of petroleum involved the absence of air, high temperature, and high pressure.
Natural Gas
- Natural gas is a very important fossil fuel due to its ease of transportation through pipes.
- CNG is used for power generation and is a cleaner fuel.
Fossil Fuels
- Fossil fuels, including coal, petroleum, and natural gas, are exhaustible resources formed from the dead remains of living organisms millions of years ago.
- It is essential to use fossil fuels judiciously due to their limited resources.
This quiz is about the formation and composition of petroleum and natural gas deposits, including the role of reservoir rock, impervious rock, and water. It covers the concept of fossil fuels and their extraction.
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