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Questions and Answers
What is the first step in managing a poisoning emergency according to the text?
What is the first step in managing a poisoning emergency according to the text?
Which parameter is NOT included in the assessment of the animal's condition during a poisoning emergency?
Which parameter is NOT included in the assessment of the animal's condition during a poisoning emergency?
What is the primary focus when stabilizing a patient in a poisoning emergency?
What is the primary focus when stabilizing a patient in a poisoning emergency?
When is decontamination performed in a poisoning emergency?
When is decontamination performed in a poisoning emergency?
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What is the recommended initial approach to managing a poisoning emergency according to the text?
What is the recommended initial approach to managing a poisoning emergency according to the text?
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What is the toxic principle in lilies that causes acute kidney failure and death in cats?
What is the toxic principle in lilies that causes acute kidney failure and death in cats?
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Which metal is responsible for causing oxidative damage to red blood cells when ingested?
Which metal is responsible for causing oxidative damage to red blood cells when ingested?
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What is the toxic component in antifreeze that can be lethal to dogs and cats?
What is the toxic component in antifreeze that can be lethal to dogs and cats?
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Which substance causes uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in the central nervous system, leading to cerebral edema and neuro signs in cats?
Which substance causes uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in the central nervous system, leading to cerebral edema and neuro signs in cats?
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What type of rodenticide blocks the activation of Vitamin K dependent clotting factors, leading to generalized hemorrhage?
What type of rodenticide blocks the activation of Vitamin K dependent clotting factors, leading to generalized hemorrhage?
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Which of the following drugs can cause methemoglobinemia and liver failure in both cats and dogs, with cats being more sensitive?
Which of the following drugs can cause methemoglobinemia and liver failure in both cats and dogs, with cats being more sensitive?
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Which substance, commonly found in cold/flu medications and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medications, exhibits clinical signs such as increased blood pressure, tachycardia, ataxia, and mydriasis in pets?
Which substance, commonly found in cold/flu medications and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medications, exhibits clinical signs such as increased blood pressure, tachycardia, ataxia, and mydriasis in pets?
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Which toxic substance can lead to acute kidney failure, with clinical signs including vomiting, depression, ataxia, weakness, and tachypnea within the first few hours of ingestion?
Which toxic substance can lead to acute kidney failure, with clinical signs including vomiting, depression, ataxia, weakness, and tachypnea within the first few hours of ingestion?
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Which substance, when ingested by pets, can cause CNS depression, acute kidney failure, and the presence of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals on urinalysis?
Which substance, when ingested by pets, can cause CNS depression, acute kidney failure, and the presence of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals on urinalysis?
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Which toxic substance, commonly found in many households, can cause vomiting, stomach ulcers, and acute renal failure in pets, with cats being more sensitive than dogs?
Which toxic substance, commonly found in many households, can cause vomiting, stomach ulcers, and acute renal failure in pets, with cats being more sensitive than dogs?
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What is the recommended decontamination method for oral ingestion of toxins?
What is the recommended decontamination method for oral ingestion of toxins?
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Which symptom is associated with chocolate toxicity in pets?
Which symptom is associated with chocolate toxicity in pets?
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What is the potential consequence of xylitol ingestion in pets?
What is the potential consequence of xylitol ingestion in pets?
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What is a clinical sign of onion toxicity in pets?
What is a clinical sign of onion toxicity in pets?
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What is the potential consequence of moldy food containing tremorgenic mycotoxins in pets?
What is the potential consequence of moldy food containing tremorgenic mycotoxins in pets?
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Study Notes
Pet Poisoning Decontamination and Treatment
- Ocular exposure should be flushed repeatedly with tepid water or saline solution for a minimum of 20-30 minutes and examined for corneal damage, excessive redness, lacrimation, and pain.
- Dermal exposure should be bathed in mild liquid dishwashing detergent and repeated if an oily product was involved, with body temperature monitored after bathing and gloves worn to prevent personal exposure.
- For oral ingestion, corrosive or irritant substances should be diluted with milk or water at a dosage of 1-3mL per pound, and exotic animals should consume juicy fruits or vegetables in place of milk.
- Emesis for oral ingestion should be determined by factors like time since ingestion, the species, medical conditions, and type of poison, with certain animals contraindicated for vomiting.
- Decontamination methods for oral ingestion include the use of activated charcoal, an adsorbent that binds to toxins and prevents absorption into the bloodstream, administered orally at a dosage of 1-3g per kilogram of body weight.
- Gastric lavage, a gentle stomach pump, is contraindicated with caustic agents or petroleum distillates and requires general anesthesia and a cuffed endotracheal tube.
- Supportive care for pet poisoning involves monitoring vital signs, collecting blood samples for monitoring, providing nutritional support if needed, and tailoring continued care to clinical signs, side effects, and recovery.
- Chocolate toxicity in pets is caused by methylxanthines like theobromine and caffeine, with the darker and more bitter chocolates being more toxic and causing clinical signs such as lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, restlessness, increased heart rate, tremors, and seizures.
- Onions, including garlic, leeks, and chives, contain a toxic principle that can cause hemolytic anemia in pets, leading to clinical signs such as lethargy, weakness, vomiting, pale mucous membranes, and red/brown urine (hemoglobinuria).
- Xylitol, an artificial sweetener found in gum, candy, dental products, chewable medications, and some peanut butter, can cause severe low blood sugar and liver failure in pets, necessitating treatment such as emesis and 5% dextrose for hypoglycemia.
- Grapes and raisins can cause acute kidney failure in dogs, with clinical signs including vomiting, lethargy, anorexia, and abdominal pain, and treatment involving decontamination, fluid diuresis, and monitoring for azotemia.
- Moldy food containing tremorgenic mycotoxins can lead to neurotoxic clinical signs in pets, such as muscle tremors and convulsions, requiring treatments like minimizing absorption, emesis, lavage, activated charcoal, and muscle relaxants.
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Description
Test your knowledge on pet poisoning decontamination and treatment with this quiz. Learn about decontamination methods for various exposures, supportive care, and specific toxic substances to watch out for in your furry friends.
