Podcast
Questions and Answers
What fundamentally distinguishes blockchain from traditional transaction systems?
What fundamentally distinguishes blockchain from traditional transaction systems?
- Blockchain updates transactions in real-time.
- Blockchain uses a centralized approach to data storage.
- Blockchain transactions are processed by financial institutions only.
- Blockchain employs a distributed ledger shared by multiple computers. (correct)
Which of the following statements about Bitcoin is true?
Which of the following statements about Bitcoin is true?
- Bitcoin functions as a form of cryptocurrency without traditional financial backing. (correct)
- Bitcoin has gained its value from direct monetary investments.
- Bitcoin is backed by a physical asset.
- Bitcoin operates under a centralized banking system.
What is a key component of blockchain technology?
What is a key component of blockchain technology?
- Centralized storage for enhanced security.
- Single-user access to transaction details.
- Distributed copies of the transaction ledger. (correct)
- Client-server architecture for data management.
In what way can Bitcoin be perceived differently among users?
In what way can Bitcoin be perceived differently among users?
How does a distributed system alter information availability compared to a centralized system?
How does a distributed system alter information availability compared to a centralized system?
Which ability is shared by both natural intelligence and artificial intelligence?
Which ability is shared by both natural intelligence and artificial intelligence?
What is the primary function of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in artificial intelligence?
What is the primary function of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in artificial intelligence?
What is meant by 'training' in the context of artificial intelligence?
What is meant by 'training' in the context of artificial intelligence?
Which statement about Large Language Models (LLMs) is correct?
Which statement about Large Language Models (LLMs) is correct?
How does reasoning or planning function in an AI system?
How does reasoning or planning function in an AI system?
What is a characteristic of Small Language Models (SLMs)?
What is a characteristic of Small Language Models (SLMs)?
Which ability is typically higher in artificial intelligence compared to natural intelligence?
Which ability is typically higher in artificial intelligence compared to natural intelligence?
Which of the following is NOT a capability of both natural and artificial intelligence?
Which of the following is NOT a capability of both natural and artificial intelligence?
What is the primary goal of Artificial Intelligence?
What is the primary goal of Artificial Intelligence?
Which of the following components is NOT part of an Artificial Intelligence system?
Which of the following components is NOT part of an Artificial Intelligence system?
How does Blockchain technology differ from centralized storage designs?
How does Blockchain technology differ from centralized storage designs?
Which statement best describes the relationship between Artificial Intelligence and Natural Intelligence?
Which statement best describes the relationship between Artificial Intelligence and Natural Intelligence?
What was one of the significant early contributions of John McCarthy to the field of AI?
What was one of the significant early contributions of John McCarthy to the field of AI?
What is a common debate related to Artificial Intelligence since the 1950s?
What is a common debate related to Artificial Intelligence since the 1950s?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Blockchain technology?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Blockchain technology?
What is a primary challenge faced by Artificial Intelligence systems?
What is a primary challenge faced by Artificial Intelligence systems?
Flashcards
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
A type of specialized system aiming to mimic or replicate human intelligence to solve complex problems.
AI System Components
AI System Components
People, procedures, hardware, software, data, and knowledge are essential parts of an AI system.
AI vs. Natural Intelligence
AI vs. Natural Intelligence
AI tries to replicate human intelligence, but there are differences in strengths and weaknesses between the two.
Blockchain
Blockchain
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Distributed Ledger
Distributed Ledger
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Centralized Database
Centralized Database
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Common Sense in AI
Common Sense in AI
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AI Problem Solving
AI Problem Solving
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Blockchain
Blockchain
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Bitcoin
Bitcoin
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Distributed Ledger
Distributed Ledger
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Centralized Database
Centralized Database
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Cryptocurrency
Cryptocurrency
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Natural Intelligence
Natural Intelligence
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Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence
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Reasoning/Planning (AI)
Reasoning/Planning (AI)
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Training (AI)
Training (AI)
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Inference (AI)
Inference (AI)
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NLP
NLP
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Small Language Model (SLM)
Small Language Model (SLM)
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Large Language Model (LLM)
Large Language Model (LLM)
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Study Notes
Pervasive Computing Part 1
- This part covers Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain
- Artificial Intelligence aims to mimic or replicate human intelligence to solve complex problems
- AI systems, while showing progress, are prone to certain challenges
- Blockchain technology offers an alternative to centralized storage designs, using distributed ledgers to store transactions
- Bitcoin, valued at over €10 Billion, hasn't had money directly inserted into the system
- Ongoing debate whether virtual currencies can effectively trade goods and services
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- John McCarthy is credited with introducing the term AI in 1956
- AI systems were described by McCarthy as computer systems mimicking the human brain
- AI is a type of specialized system with characteristics of human intelligence
- AI can be evaluated on the type of human characteristics/functions
- AI capability across different scenarios should be evaluated
Artificial Intelligence Systems
- Components of an AI system include people, procedures, hardware, software, data, and knowledge
- Discussion on the roles these components play within an AI system is encouraged
Artificial Intelligence Discussion
- Debate around whether computers can be programmed to have common sense and solve problems like humans has taken place since the 1950s
Natural vs Artificial Intelligence
- A table comparing Natural (human) and Artificial (machine) intelligence across different abilities (using touch, smell, creativity, imagination, learning, adaptability etc)
- Natural intelligence excels in creative abilities and adapting to new circumstances
- Artificial intelligence excels in making highly complex calculations
Artificial Intelligence Common Terms (1)
- Reasoning or planning: Computer systems using patterns and historical data to solve problems similar to humans
- Training: Educating an AI system through data input allowing internal system adjustments
- Inference: AI systems using learned patterns/parameters for making predictions based on scenarios
Artificial Intelligence Common Terms (2)
- Natural Language Processing (NLP): AI system ability to process and generate human-like text input
- Small Language Models (SLMs): A smaller NLP system, effective at understanding text based on smaller datasets
- Large Language Models (LLMs): Very large, developing NLP engines using very large datasets to process language
Ethics in Artificial Intelligence
- Discussion on how South African universities should adapt the use of AI, specifically Large Language Models, within their higher education systems
Blockchain
- Decentralized storage method, using distributed ledger shared between computers in a peer-to-peer network
- One popular implementation of blockchain technology is virtual currencies like Bitcoin
Bitcoin
- While Bitcoin's value exceeds €10 Billion, no money has been directly put into the Bitcoin system
- Bitcoin is described as a cryptocurrency with no capital backing other than its perceived value
- Whether Bitcoin is "real money" and debated topic
- The use of centralised authorities such as banks versus blockchain technology is a contrasting topic of discussion.
Components of Blockchain
- A ledger storing transaction details is shared across the associated computers
- Blockchain technology manages distributed ledgers, encoding data to be tamper-proof, for security
Centralized vs Distributed Systems
- Centralized systems have one database storing all transaction information, while distributed systems have versions of the information scattered across multiple computers.
Bitcoin Discussion
- Discussion of whether Bitcoin and other virtual currencies qualify as real money
- Weighing the advantages of using a centralized authority like a bank against the potential of a blockchain system
Summary
- AI mimics human intelligence in complex problem-solving but struggles with creativity and adapting to new situations
- Blockchain offers a decentralized alternative to centralized data storage.
- Virtual currencies remain a topic of discussion, not widely considered real money by all.
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Description
This quiz covers the foundational concepts of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain technology as part of Pervasive Computing. It explores the history, challenges, and applications of AI, as well as the principles and implications of blockchain. Test your understanding of these cutting-edge technologies and their impact on the future.
