Personal Identification Techniques History Quiz

Malpighian Layer

• The Malpighian layer is approximately 0.1 mm thick.

Father of 'Mug Shot' Photography

• Alphonse Bertillon is considered the father of 'Mug Shot' photography.

'De Externo Tactus Organo'

• Professor Marcelo Malpighi published the book 'De Externo Tactus Organo' in 1686.

'Loops and Spiral'

• The term 'Loops and Spiral' was originated by Sir Francis Galton in 1892 to describe fingerprint patterns.

Diverse Designs on the Palms

• Dr. Nehemiah Grew in 1684 described the ridges found on the palmar surface of the hand and their diverse designs.

Forensic Dactyloscopy

• Forensic dactyloscopy is used to identify individuals using fingerprints.

Early Evidence of Fingerprint Use

• Clay seals bearing thumbprints found in ancient Mesopotamia are early evidence of fingerprint use for identification.

William James Herschel

• William James Herschel is credited with officially using fingerprints for identification in 1858.

Formal Study of Fingerprint Science

• The formal study of fingerprint science began in the late 19th century.

Initial Use of Fingerprints

• William James Herschel used fingerprints to prevent fraudulent collections of army pay accounts in India.

British Chief Administrative Officer

• Sir William Herschel, a British chief administrative officer, officially used fingerprints in India in 1858 to prevent fraudulent collection of army pay accounts.

Practical Application of Fingerprints

• Dactyloscopy refers to the practical application of fingerprints for making identifications through comparison and classification of fingerprints.

Purpose of Using Fingerprints

• Fingerprints were initially used to prevent fraud and identify individuals.

Purpose of Personal Identification in Criminal Cases

• The primary purpose of personal identification in criminal cases is to link a suspect to a crime scene.

First Scientific Method of Personal Identification

• Alphonse Bertillon developed the first scientific method of personal identification, known as anthropometry.

Marcelo Malpighi's Contribution

• Marcelo Malpighi's contribution to personal identification was his detailed description of the ridges and pores on the skin, laying the foundation for the study of dactyloscopy.

Alphonse Bertillon's Method

• Alphonse Bertillon's initial scientific method of personal identification involved measuring various body parts, such as head circumference, height, and arm spans.

Identification of Missing or Deceased Individuals

• Identifying missing persons or presumed dead individuals is done to provide closure to families and to help with insurance and legal matters.