I. Introduction + II- Persian Gulf history before the oil era
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Questions and Answers

Which country was the first to discover oil in the Gulf region?

  • Bahrain (correct)
  • Iran
  • Kuwait
  • Saudi Arabia

What percentage of the world’s oil is transported through the Strait of Hormuz?

  • 20%
  • 40% (correct)
  • 30%
  • 50%

Which empire was the first European power to establish influence in the Gulf region during the 16th century?

  • Spanish Empire
  • British Empire
  • Portuguese Empire (correct)
  • Ottoman Empire

What significant event occurred in the Gulf region in 1961?

<p>Kuwait’s independence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization do the Persian Gulf states influence through their oil resources?

<p>OPEC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the British Empire in the Gulf region during the 19th century?

<p>To secure control over trade and security through treaties (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the political structure in Arab states like Kuwait and Qatar prior to significant oil discoveries?

<p>A tribe-based political structure with sheikhdoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Ottoman Empire influence the Gulf region during its control?

<p>It expanded influence indirectly while countering European encroachment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What marked the end of British hegemony in the Gulf region?

<p>The independence of Kuwait in 1961 and withdrawal by 1971 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two regions does the intercontinental position of the Gulf primarily connect?

<p>North-South and East-West trade routes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Gulf Region Oil Significance

The Gulf region holds vast oil reserves, significantly impacting global energy markets and trade.

Strait of Hormuz

A crucial waterway connecting the Persian Gulf to the open ocean, carrying a large percentage of global oil.

British Hegemony in the Gulf

The period when the British Empire exercised dominant control over trade and security in the region, especially between 1820-1971.

OPEC's Influence

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries holds significant sway over global energy policies and the politics influencing oil prices

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Pre-Oil Gulf Politics

The political landscape of the region was heavily structured around tribes and sheikhdoms before significant oil discoveries.

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Gulf Region Oil Importance

The Gulf's vast oil reserves and control of oil routes (like the Strait of Hormuz) make it strategically and economically vital.

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Strait of Hormuz's role

A narrow waterway that carries a substantial portion of the world's oil exports.

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British Influence (1820-1971)

The British Empire's significant control over trade, security, and political affairs in the Gulf through treaties, lasting roughly five decades.

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Pre-Oil Gulf Politics

The gulf region's political structure before oil discoveries, primarily tribe-based and sheikhdoms.

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OPEC Power

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, giving significant influence to Gulf states regarding global energy policies.

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