Questions and Answers
This medicine enhances the effectiveness of ______
anesthesia
The surgical suite is behind double doors and access is limited to authorized ______
personnel
To help decrease the microbes, the surgical area is divided into three ______
zones
The Unrestricted Zone allows ______ clothes to be worn
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Surgeons wear additional sterile clothing and protective devices in the ______ zone
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Masks are worn at all times in the restricted zone of the ______
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The ______ cuff on sleeves helps to prevent organisms from shedding into the surroundings
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High filtration masks decrease the risk of postoperative ______ infections
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The preoperative phase ends when the patient is transferred to the operating room ______.
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During the intraoperative phase, the patient is monitored and ______ before the procedure.
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Nursing activities in the preoperative phase focus on patient support, teaching, and ______ for the procedure.
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Intraoperative nursing management centers on patient safety, prevention of ______, and satisfactory physiologic response.
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The postoperative phase begins with the patient’s transfer to the recovery ______.
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Diagnostic studies and medical regimen are given during the ______ phase.
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During the intraoperative phase, the procedure is performed while the patient is ______.
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Nursing activities in the postoperative phase focus on supporting the patient’s ______ system.
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Maintaining satisfactory degrees of relaxation of the patient for the duration of the ______.
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Continuous monitoring of the physiologic status of the patient includes oxygen exchange, circulatory functions, and vital ______.
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The scrub nurse prepares the setup and assists the surgeon by passing ______, sutures, etc.
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As the surgical incision is closed, the scrub person and circulating nurse count all needles, sponges and ______.
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The circulating nurse is a professional registered nurse who is free to obtain supplies and deliver them to the ______ field.
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Anesthesia is a partial or complete loss of sensation, with or without loss of ______.
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Inhalation anesthesia has been classified as the most popular because of its ______.
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The three classifications of anesthetic agents are general, regional or block, and ______.
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Study Notes
Perioperative Nursing Overview
- The perioperative period spans from patient notification of needed surgery through recovery and resumption of usual activities.
- Comprised of three phases: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative.
Preoperative Phase
- Begins with patient decision for surgery; ends upon transfer to operating room bed.
- Involves physical and psychological preparations, diagnostic studies, and medical regimens.
- Focuses on patient teaching, support, and preparation.
Intraoperative Phase
- Starts with the patient in the operating room bed; ends with transfer to the PACU.
- Includes monitoring, anesthesia administration, prep, draping, and surgery.
- Nursing priorities include patient safety, infection prevention, and managing response to anesthesia.
Postoperative Phase
- Begins upon transfer to the recovery unit; concludes with resolution of surgical sequelae.
- Nursing care emphasizes supporting physiological recovery.
- Later stages focus on reinforcing discharge information for patients and caregivers.
Surgical Environment and Attire
- Surgical suites are sterile, cool, and accessible only to authorized personnel.
- Aseptic techniques are critical, requiring cleanliness and sterility of the environment and equipment.
- Areas are divided into three zones:
- Unrestricted Zone: Street clothes allowed
- Semi-Restricted Zone: Scrub attire required
- Restricted Zone: Sterile attire including caps, masks, and shoe covers.
Surgical Attire Guidelines
- OR attire consists of close-fitting cotton clothing, scrubs, gowns, and jackets.
- Knitted cuffs on sleeves prevent shedding of organisms.
- Ensure garments are free of wetness and soil; change soiled items as needed.
Mask Usage
- Masks required in the restricted zone to filter microorganisms and reduce infection risk.
- High filtration masks protect against postoperative wound infections.
Surgical Team Members
- Scrub Nurse: Prepares setup, assists during surgery, and manages instrument counting to prevent retained foreign bodies.
- Circulating Nurse: Non-scrubbed RN facilitating supply management, responding to requests, and liaising between scrubbed staff and external personnel.
Anesthetic Agents
- Anesthesia leads to partial or complete sensation loss, potentially with or without consciousness loss.
- Inhalation anesthesia is favored for its controllability and is influenced by pulmonary ventilation.
- Three classifications of anesthetic agents:
- General: Causes total loss of consciousness.
- Regional/Block: Targets specific body regions.
- Local: Primarily affects a small, specific area.
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Description
This quiz explores essential concepts and management practices in perioperative nursing. It covers the phases of the surgical experience, including the preoperative phase and patient care considerations. Test your understanding of the perioperative process and improve your nursing management skills.
