Questions and Answers
The ______ phase begins when the patient is transferred to the recovery unit.
postoperative
During the ______ phase, the patient is monitored, anesthetized, and the surgical procedure is performed.
intraoperative
Nursing activities in the postoperative phase often focus on supporting the patient's ______ system.
physiologic
The preoperative phase ends when the patient is transferred to the ______ room bed.
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The perioperative period continues until the patient resumes his or her usual ______.
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The ______ phase begins with the patient’s transfer to the recovery unit and ends with the resolution of surgical sequelae.
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The recovery room is sometimes referred to as the ______ room.
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Surgery can be performed to relieve symptoms by means of ______ procedures.
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One reason for surgery is to confirm a diagnosis through ______ of tissue.
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The purpose of a recovery room is to provide direct and continuous patient ______ during emergence from anesthesia.
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Study Notes
Perioperative Nursing Concepts
- The perioperative period encompasses preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases, starting from when the patient learns about the surgery until they return to usual activities.
Preoperative Phase
- Begins when the patient or representative is informed of surgical need and ends upon transfer to the operating room.
- Involves physical and psychological preparations, diagnostic studies, and medical regimen.
- Nursing activities focus on patient support, education, and procedural preparation.
Intraoperative Phase
- Starts with the patient transferring to the operating room and concludes with transfer to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU).
- Monitors patient status, administers anesthesia, and ensures a sterile environment.
- Nursing responsibilities emphasize patient safety, infection control, and anesthesia response.
Postoperative Phase
- Commences when the patient arrives in the recovery unit and ends when surgical sequelae resolve.
- Nursing care is directed at supporting the patient's physiological systems and monitoring recovery.
- Reinforcement of discharge information for patients and caregivers is crucial in the latter stages.
Reasons for Surgery
- Tissue examination to confirm a diagnosis.
- Visualization of internal structures for diagnostic purposes.
- Curative procedures to remove diseased tissues or organs.
- Repair of traumatized or congenital malformations.
- Palliative surgeries for symptom relief, such as intestinal bypass.
- Cosmetic procedures to restore appearance or function.
- Prophylactic surgeries to prevent conditions, like removal of precancerous lesions.
Recovery Room
- Known as the postanesthetic room, designated for patients recovering from surgery.
- Provides continuous observation during emergence from anesthesia.
- Essential protocols include removal of jewelry, maintaining NPO status as per doctor's orders, and offering emotional support.
Preoperative Patient Preparation
- Morning preparations include personal care and family visitation.
- Vital signs must be taken and recorded.
- Administration of preoperative medications to enhance anesthesia effectiveness and minimize nausea/vomiting.
Intraoperative Nursing Management
- The surgical environment is noted for its sterility and controlled temperature.
- Operating rooms require adherence to strict asepsis and cleanliness protocols, with limited access to authorized personnel.
Surgical Environment and Attire
- Surgical area divided into three zones:
- Unrestricted Zone: Street clothes allowed.
- Semi-Restricted Zone: Scrub clothes and caps required.
- Restricted Zone: Strict attire including scrubs, shoe covers, caps, and masks necessary.
- Surgical team members wear additional sterile clothing to maintain infection controls.
Scrub Suit
- Operating room attire typically consists of close-fitting cotton dresses, pantsuits, jumpsuits, gowns, and jackets to ensure a sterile environment.
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Description
Explore the essential concepts of perioperative nursing, covering the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases. This quiz will test your knowledge on patient preparation, safety measures during surgery, and recovery protocols. Ideal for nursing students and professionals looking to enhance their understanding of patient care during surgery.
