Podcast
Questions and Answers
The ______ phase begins when the patient is transferred to the recovery unit.
The ______ phase begins when the patient is transferred to the recovery unit.
postoperative
During the ______ phase, the patient is monitored, anesthetized, and the surgical procedure is performed.
During the ______ phase, the patient is monitored, anesthetized, and the surgical procedure is performed.
intraoperative
Nursing activities in the postoperative phase often focus on supporting the patient's ______ system.
Nursing activities in the postoperative phase often focus on supporting the patient's ______ system.
physiologic
The preoperative phase ends when the patient is transferred to the ______ room bed.
The preoperative phase ends when the patient is transferred to the ______ room bed.
The perioperative period continues until the patient resumes his or her usual ______.
The perioperative period continues until the patient resumes his or her usual ______.
The ______ phase begins with the patient’s transfer to the recovery unit and ends with the resolution of surgical sequelae.
The ______ phase begins with the patient’s transfer to the recovery unit and ends with the resolution of surgical sequelae.
The recovery room is sometimes referred to as the ______ room.
The recovery room is sometimes referred to as the ______ room.
Surgery can be performed to relieve symptoms by means of ______ procedures.
Surgery can be performed to relieve symptoms by means of ______ procedures.
One reason for surgery is to confirm a diagnosis through ______ of tissue.
One reason for surgery is to confirm a diagnosis through ______ of tissue.
The purpose of a recovery room is to provide direct and continuous patient ______ during emergence from anesthesia.
The purpose of a recovery room is to provide direct and continuous patient ______ during emergence from anesthesia.
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Study Notes
Perioperative Nursing Concepts
- The perioperative period encompasses preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases, starting from when the patient learns about the surgery until they return to usual activities.
Preoperative Phase
- Begins when the patient or representative is informed of surgical need and ends upon transfer to the operating room.
- Involves physical and psychological preparations, diagnostic studies, and medical regimen.
- Nursing activities focus on patient support, education, and procedural preparation.
Intraoperative Phase
- Starts with the patient transferring to the operating room and concludes with transfer to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU).
- Monitors patient status, administers anesthesia, and ensures a sterile environment.
- Nursing responsibilities emphasize patient safety, infection control, and anesthesia response.
Postoperative Phase
- Commences when the patient arrives in the recovery unit and ends when surgical sequelae resolve.
- Nursing care is directed at supporting the patient's physiological systems and monitoring recovery.
- Reinforcement of discharge information for patients and caregivers is crucial in the latter stages.
Reasons for Surgery
- Tissue examination to confirm a diagnosis.
- Visualization of internal structures for diagnostic purposes.
- Curative procedures to remove diseased tissues or organs.
- Repair of traumatized or congenital malformations.
- Palliative surgeries for symptom relief, such as intestinal bypass.
- Cosmetic procedures to restore appearance or function.
- Prophylactic surgeries to prevent conditions, like removal of precancerous lesions.
Recovery Room
- Known as the postanesthetic room, designated for patients recovering from surgery.
- Provides continuous observation during emergence from anesthesia.
- Essential protocols include removal of jewelry, maintaining NPO status as per doctor's orders, and offering emotional support.
Preoperative Patient Preparation
- Morning preparations include personal care and family visitation.
- Vital signs must be taken and recorded.
- Administration of preoperative medications to enhance anesthesia effectiveness and minimize nausea/vomiting.
Intraoperative Nursing Management
- The surgical environment is noted for its sterility and controlled temperature.
- Operating rooms require adherence to strict asepsis and cleanliness protocols, with limited access to authorized personnel.
Surgical Environment and Attire
- Surgical area divided into three zones:
- Unrestricted Zone: Street clothes allowed.
- Semi-Restricted Zone: Scrub clothes and caps required.
- Restricted Zone: Strict attire including scrubs, shoe covers, caps, and masks necessary.
- Surgical team members wear additional sterile clothing to maintain infection controls.
Scrub Suit
- Operating room attire typically consists of close-fitting cotton dresses, pantsuits, jumpsuits, gowns, and jackets to ensure a sterile environment.
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