Periodic Table Quiz

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

Natural gas is a substance that has mass and takes up space, therefore it is matter.

Clouds are made of water droplets or ice crystals, which have mass and take up space. Therefore, clouds are matter.

A rock is a solid object with mass and takes up space. Therefore, it is matter.

A chemical property describes how a substance reacts with other substances. A physical property describes a substance's characteristic without changing its chemical composition.

Density is a physical property that describes how much mass is contained in a given volume. It is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume.

If two objects have the same volume but one has a greater mass, the object with greater mass has a higher density. This is because it has more mass packed into the same space.

The density of a substance is a characteristic property, meaning it remains constant regardless of the size or shape of the substance. This also means that different samples of the same substance will have the same density.

The smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.

A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

A neutrally charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom.

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity.

The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus, representing the atom's mass.

The vertical column on the periodic table that groups elements with similar chemical properties.

The horizontal row on the periodic table that indicates the number of electron shells in an atom.

The vertical columns on the Periodic Table are called Groups or Families. Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties due to having the same number of valence electrons (outer electrons).

The horizontal rows on the Periodic Table are called Periods. Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells.

Group 6A (VIA) on the Periodic Table is known as the Chalcogens. Elements in this group have 6 valence electrons. Selenium (Se) is one example.

Metals are typically shiny, malleable (can be hammered into shapes), ductile (can be drawn into wires), good conductors of heat and electricity, and are solid at room temperature.

Nonmetals are usually dull, brittle (break easily), poor conductors of heat and electricity, and can exist as solids, liquids, or gases at room temperature.

Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals. They tend to be semiconductors and can conduct electricity under certain conditions.

Thallium, Strontium, and Sodium are all metals. Neon, Bromine are nonmetals. Tellurium is a metalloid.

The Periodic Table is organized in a way that reveals trends in the properties of elements. By understanding these trends, we can predict how elements will behave in chemical reactions.

Carbon is located in Group IVA, also known as Group 14.

Tin (Sn) is found in Period 5 of the periodic table.

Selenium (Se) is located in Group 6A, also known as Group 16.

Thallium is a metal (M), Neon is a non-metal (NM), Strontium is a metal (M), Tellurium is a metalloid (MO), Sodium is a metal (M) and Bromine is a non-metal (NM).

Elements with similar chemical properties are grouped together in vertical columns on the Periodic Table. These columns are called groups.

An element with a complete outer shell of electrons. These elements are generally unreactive because they have a stable electron configuration.

The number of electrons on the outermost shell of an atom. These electrons are involved in chemical bonding and determine the element's reactivity.

Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

The simple atomic model of an atom, which depicts the nucleus as a central point with orbiting electrons in specific energy levels.

The arrangement of elements in a chart according to their atomic number and recurring chemical properties.

Ionic bonds form between a metal and a nonmetal. The metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, and the nonmetal gains electrons to become a negatively charged anion. The opposite charges then attract each other to form a strong electrostatic attraction.

True. Sodium (Na) is a metal and loses one electron becoming Na+, while nitrogen (N) is a nonmetal and gains three electrons becoming N3- . The positively charged sodium ion and the negatively charged nitrogen ion then form an ionic bond.

The type of bond where atoms share electrons. This is seen in nonmetals, and produces a more stable bond than a single atom.

Prefixes indicate the number of each element. Examples: mono = 1, di = 2, tri = 3, tetra = 4.

A Lewis dot structure visually represents the valence electrons of an atom or molecule. Dots around the central atom indicate the number of electrons shared in the covalent bonds.

Covalent compounds consist of nonmetals sharing electrons. They tend to be gases, liquids, or solids with lower melting points and boiling points compared to ionic compounds.

An ionic compound is a neutral compound composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. These opposite charges attract forming a strong electrostatic attraction.

Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms bonded together with an overall net charge. They act like a single unit, and the overall charge impacts how they react with other atoms.