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Questions and Answers
How many valence electrons does nitrogen (N) have?
How many valence electrons does nitrogen (N) have?
5
What is the valence electron configuration of carbon (C)?
What is the valence electron configuration of carbon (C)?
2s² 2p²
How many valence electrons do elements in Group 18 (Noble Gases) have?
How many valence electrons do elements in Group 18 (Noble Gases) have?
8
What is the valence electron configuration of oxygen (O)?
What is the valence electron configuration of oxygen (O)?
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How many valence electrons do elements in Group 17 (Halogens) have?
How many valence electrons do elements in Group 17 (Halogens) have?
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How many valence electrons do elements in Group 2 (Alkaline Earth Metals) have?
How many valence electrons do elements in Group 2 (Alkaline Earth Metals) have?
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Why is it more complex to determine the group number for transition metals solely from their electronic configuration?
Why is it more complex to determine the group number for transition metals solely from their electronic configuration?
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What is the electronic configuration of boron (B) and how many valence electrons does it have?
What is the electronic configuration of boron (B) and how many valence electrons does it have?
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Explain why the group number for transition metals is usually not solely determined by the number of valence electrons.
Explain why the group number for transition metals is usually not solely determined by the number of valence electrons.
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What is the electronic configuration of lithium (Li) and how many valence electrons does it have?
What is the electronic configuration of lithium (Li) and how many valence electrons does it have?
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Study Notes
Valence Electrons in Elements
- Nitrogen (N) has 5 valence electrons.
- Carbon (C) has a valence electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p², indicating it has 4 valence electrons.
- Elements in Group 18 (Noble Gases) typically have 8 valence electrons, achieving a stable octet, except for helium which has 2.
- Oxygen (O) has a valence electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁴, indicating it has 6 valence electrons.
- Elements in Group 17 (Halogens) have 7 valence electrons, making them highly reactive as they seek one additional electron to achieve an octet.
- Group 2 (Alkaline Earth Metals) have 2 valence electrons.
Complexity in Transition Metals
- Determining the group number for transition metals is complex because their d-electrons can play a role in bonding, not just their valence s-electrons.
- Transition metals may exhibit variable oxidation states, leading to different chemical behaviors regardless of their valence electron count.
Electronic Configurations and Valence Electrons
- Boron (B) has the electronic configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p¹, giving it 3 valence electrons.
- For lithium (Li), the electronic configuration is 1s² 2s¹, indicating it has 1 valence electron.
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Description
Learn how to determine the group number for each group in the periodic table based on the number of valence electrons in an element's electronic configuration.
